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Data imbalance is a common problem in hyperspectral image classification. The imbalanced hyperspectral data will seriously affect the final classification performance. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel solution based on oversampling method and convolutional neural network. The solution is implemented in two steps. Firstly, SMOTE(Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique) is used to enhance the data of minority classes. In the minority classes, SMOTE method is used to generate new artificial samples, and then the new artificial samples are added to the minority classes, so that all classes in the training dataset can reach to the balanced distribution. Secondly, According to the data characteristics of hyperspectral image, a convolutional neural network is constructed for classifying the hyperspectral image. The balanced training data set is used to train the convolutional neural network. We experimented with the proposed solution on the Indian Pines, Pavia University dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed solution can effectively solve the problem of imbalanced hyperspectral data and improve the classification performance.
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