Paper
5 October 1999 Huygens-Fresnel wave-optics simulation of atmospheric optical turbulence and reflective speckle in CO2 differential absorption lidar (DIAL)
Douglas H. Nelson, Roger R. Petrin, Charles Robert Quick Jr., L. John Jolin, Edward P. MacKerrow, Mark J. Schmitt, Bernard R. Foy, Aaron C. Koskelo, Brian D. McVey, William M. Porch, Joseph J. Tiee, Charles B. Fite, Frank A. Archuleta, Michael C. Whitehead, Donald L. Walters
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Abstract
The measurement sensitivity of CO2 differential absorption LIDAR (DIAL) can be affected by a number of different processes. Two of these processes are atmospheric optical turbulence and reflective speckle. Atmospheric optical turbulence affects the beam distribution of energy and phase on target. The effects of this phenomenon include beam spreading, beam wander and scintillation which can result in increased shot-to-shot signal noise. In addition, reflective speckle alone has been shown to have a major impact on the sensitivity of CO2 DIAL. We have previously developed a Huygens-Fresnel wave optics propagation code to separately simulate the effects of these two processes. However, in real DIAL systems it is a combination of these phenomena, the interaction of atmospheric optical turbulence and reflective speckle, that influences the results. In this work, we briefly review a description of our model including the limitations along with a brief summary of previous simulations of individual effects. The performance of our modified code with respect to experimental measurements affected by atmospheric optical turbulence and reflective speckle is examined. The results of computer simulations are directly compared with lidar measurements and show good agreement. In addition, simulation studies have been performed to demonstrate the utility and limitations of our model. Examples presented include assessing the effects for different array sizes on model limitations and effects of varying propagation step sizes on intensity enhancements and intensity probability distributions in the receiver plane.
© (1999) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Douglas H. Nelson, Roger R. Petrin, Charles Robert Quick Jr., L. John Jolin, Edward P. MacKerrow, Mark J. Schmitt, Bernard R. Foy, Aaron C. Koskelo, Brian D. McVey, William M. Porch, Joseph J. Tiee, Charles B. Fite, Frank A. Archuleta, Michael C. Whitehead, and Donald L. Walters "Huygens-Fresnel wave-optics simulation of atmospheric optical turbulence and reflective speckle in CO2 differential absorption lidar (DIAL)", Proc. SPIE 3763, Propagation and Imaging through the Atmosphere III, (5 October 1999); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.363616
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KEYWORDS
Turbulence

Atmospheric propagation

Speckle

Atmospheric optics

LIDAR

Optical turbulence

Receivers

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