Cross-calibration of Landsat 5 TM, and Landsat 8 OLI with Aqua MODIS using PICS

Amit Angal; Nischal Mishra; Xiaoxiong Xiong; Dennis Helder

doi:10.1117/12.2062165

26 September 2014 Cross-calibration of Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI with Aqua MODIS using PICS

Amit Angal, Nischal Mishra, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Dennis Helder

Proceedings Volume 9218, Earth Observing Systems XIX; 92180K (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2062165
Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2014, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

The Thematic Mapper (TM) onboard the Landsat 5 (L5) has provided an unprecedented amount of earth observations for more than 25 years since its launch on March 1, 1984. The MODIS sensor onboard the Aqua satellite is a part of the afternoon constellation of spacecraft and has been successfully providing near-continuous observations of the earth’s surface and atmosphere since July 2002. A synergistic use of TM and MODIS reflective solar bands (RSB) measurements is immensely beneficial to the broad user community for different land cover change and global climate studies. A consistent radiometric calibration between the sensors is a prerequisite for creating high quality science products. Various pseudo-invariant calibration sites (PICS) identified by CEOS have been widely used to monitor the on-orbit calibration consistency for a number of sensors. Near-simultaneous observations of the Saharan PICS by L5 TM and Aqua MODIS are used in this study. The top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance from the spectrally matching RSB are corrected for test site Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF), relative spectral response (RSR) mismatch, and impacts for atmospheric water-vapor, and used to estimate the long-term calibration differences between the two sensors. The Operational Land Imager (OLI) onboard the Landsat 8 (L8) launched in February, 2013, is a follow-on mission to maintain the continuity of Landsat acquisitions. A similar cross-calibration methodology was extended to compare the spectrally matching bands of Aqua MODIS with OLI. A long-term drift is observed in bands 1 (3.7%) and 3 (1.86%) of L5 TM, which is expected to be mitigated in the next calibration coefficient update. With the exception of the SWIR-2 band (L5 TM band 7), the agreement with Aqua MODIS is seen to be within 4%. The L8 OLI and Aqua MODIS agreement is seen within 4% across all wavelengths.

Citation Download Citation

Amit Angal, Nischal Mishra, Xiaoxiong Xiong, and Dennis Helder "Cross-calibration of Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI with Aqua MODIS using PICS", Proc. SPIE 9218, Earth Observing Systems XIX, 92180K (26 September 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2062165

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