Nonlinear optical processes resulting from light-matter interaction are essential for control of light by light in photonic technologies. Here, based on first-principles calculations, we investigate the linear and nonlinear optical response of monolayer hBN in the mid-infrared polaritonic region following time-domain and perturbative schemes, from which we conclude an extraordinarily large nonlinear response, which can be modulated by lateral electrical gating and presents an opportunity to achieve quantum blockade at the level of a few quanta. Our study reveals a range of potential applications that include harmonic generation, optical modulation, and quantum information in the mid-infrared range.
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