A multimodal approach for the diagnosis of bladder tumours

Enrico Baria; Simone Morselli; Riccardo Fantechi; Andrea Liaci; Arcangelo Sebastianelli; Mauro Gacci; Sergio Serni; Marco Carini; Riccardo Cicchi; Francesco S. Pavone

doi:10.1117/12.2555757

3 April 2020 A multimodal approach for the diagnosis of bladder tumours

Enrico Baria, Simone Morselli, Riccardo Fantechi, Andrea Liaci, Arcangelo Sebastianelli, Mauro Gacci, Sergio Serni, Marco Carini, Riccardo Cicchi, Francesco S. Pavone

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Proceedings Volume 11362, Clinical Biophotonics; 113620T (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2555757
Event: SPIE Photonics Europe, 2020, Online Only

Abstract

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common type of bladder cancer, and its treatment depends from both tumour invasiveness (stage) and aggressiveness (grade). The gold standard for detecting UC is white-light cystoscopy, followed by tissue biopsy and histopathological examination; however, such process is invasive, time-consuming, operatordependent and prone to sampling errors. In this framework, optical spectroscopy techniques could be a promising solution for fast and label-free diagnosis of bladder tissues and for early detection of UC. Thus, we combined autofluorescence, diffuse reflectance and Raman spectroscopy in a compact and transportable setup based on an optical fibrebundle probe. This experimental setup was used for studying fresh biopsies of urothelial tumour (140 samples) and healthy bladder (50 samples) collected from 90 patients undergoing Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumours (TURBT). The aim of this study was to develop an automated classification of the examined tissues based on the intrinsic spectral information provided by all three techniques. We found that healthy and diseased tissues showed significant spectral differences for each technique, resulting in high accuracy (up to 90%) from a Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) routine. In particular, fluorescence spectroscopy – excited either with blue or UV light – provided very good results in detecting UC. However, tumour grading and staging proved to be more challenging tasks, for which no single spectroscopic technique could provide sufficient sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, we found that a multimodal approach can improve significantly the diagnosis of UC stages and grades.

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Enrico Baria, Simone Morselli, Riccardo Fantechi, Andrea Liaci, Arcangelo Sebastianelli, Mauro Gacci, Sergio Serni, Marco Carini, Riccardo Cicchi, and Francesco S. Pavone "A multimodal approach for the diagnosis of bladder tumours", Proc. SPIE 11362, Clinical Biophotonics, 113620T (3 April 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2555757

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KEYWORDS

Raman spectroscopy

Bladder

Biopsy

Tissues

Fluorescence spectroscopy

Solids

Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

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