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Microfacet BRDF models based upon geometric optics and used in computer graphics and remote sensing commonly account for surface scatter and Lambertian volume scatter. These models agree well with forward scatter observations, but lack accuracy in backscatter observations. This work proposes directional volume scatter modeling for enhanced BRDF performance. Five directional volume models are incorporated into the modified Cook-Torrance model. A reduction in model error by as large as 53% overall, and 64% in backscatter modeling, is demonstrated. Using our novel semi-empirical model reduced error in 13/15 materials, and incorporating the Sandford-Robertson directional volumetric term reduced error in 14/15 materials.
Michael W. Bishop,Samuel D. Butler, andMichael A. Marciniak
"Analysis of hybrid directional volumetric scatter terms for enhanced microfacet BRDF modeling", Proc. SPIE 11485, Reflection, Scattering, and Diffraction from Surfaces VII, 114850I (20 August 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2568046
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Michael W. Bishop, Samuel D. Butler, Michael A. Marciniak, "Analysis of hybrid directional volumetric scatter terms for enhanced microfacet BRDF modeling," Proc. SPIE 11485, Reflection, Scattering, and Diffraction from Surfaces VII, 114850I (20 August 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2568046