Increased ablation efficiency in hard and soft tissues using an annular beam

Jason B. King; Nitesh Katta; Joel M. H. Teichman; James W. Tunnell; Thomas E. Milner

doi:10.1117/12.2608952

2 March 2022 Increased ablation efficiency in hard and soft tissues using an annular beam

Jason B. King, Nitesh Katta, Joel M. H. Teichman, James W. Tunnell, Thomas E. Milner

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 11958, Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XXXIII; and Advanced Photonics in Urology; 119580E (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2608952
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2022, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Lasers are commonly employed in surgery for hard and soft tissues due to their precise space-time energy delivery and compatibility with optical fibers for delivery into body cavities, including for treatment of urological diseases. Infrared laser ablation in tissues can result in non-specific heating and thermal injury. Methods that maximize ablation efficiency, or tissue volume removed per unit energy, while minimizing non-specific thermal injury can improve surgical workflows and outcomes. We report a novel approach for increased ablation efficiency by modifying the beam shape. Specifically, a Ho:YAG laser is shaped into a converging annular beam. Ablation efficiency was measured on a hard tissue phantom (BegoStone) and soft tissue (porcine kidney). An annular beam ~800 μm in diameter was used to ablate each sample at 10 different locations using a single 1 J pulse per location. The procedure was repeated using a circular beam with similar diameter by placing a 200 μm fiber 1 mm from the tissue surface. Each ablation crater was imaged with optical coherence tomography and the crater volumes calculated from recorded images. For hard tissue phantoms, ablation efficiency increased 183% for annular vs. circular beams (0.065±0.013 vs. 0.023 ± 0.003 mm³ /J). For soft tissue, ablation efficiency increased 69% for annular vs. circular beams (0.098±0.021 vs 0.058 ± 0.018 mm3 /J). Hard and soft tissue ablation with an annular beam is a promising technique for increasing the speed and safety of laser surgery.

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Jason B. King, Nitesh Katta, Joel M. H. Teichman, James W. Tunnell, and Thomas E. Milner "Increased ablation efficiency in hard and soft tissues using an annular beam", Proc. SPIE 11958, Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XXXIII; and Advanced Photonics in Urology, 119580E (2 March 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2608952

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KEYWORDS

Tissues

Laser ablation

Beam shaping

Kidney

Natural surfaces

Laser therapeutics

Optical coherence tomography

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