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We report the design of a modified angular diversity receiver (ADR) with reduced size and improved communication performance for indoor VLC applications. The proposed design has four freeform and one spherical lens mounted on five co-planer photodiodes. An extended polynomial surface is used to determine the slope of the freeform lens with a quadrilateral off-axis field of view (FoV) (28° × 28°). Four identically designed freeform lenses are placed in a 2×2 format keeping 90° angular separation. Due to the orthogonal slope alignment of the proposed structure, the angular diversity is established. The distinct off-axis FoV of the freeform lenses introduce an uncorrelated channel gain in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) VLC framework. A spherical lens with a narrow FoV (~15°) is also placed at the middle of quadrupole freeform lenses to ensure high SINR of 156 dB when the receiver approaches to the nadir of any transmitter. The compact physical dimension of the designed receiver structure (11.2 mm × 11.2 mm × 6.1 mm) is highly advantageous to facilitate VLC at any handheld gadget. Considering a square indoor environment (5m × 5m × 3m), an excellent average SINR performance of 95.7 dB is observed over the communication floor.
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Deblina Sabui, Sourish Chatterjee, Avijit Prakash, Biswanath Roy, Gufran S. Khan, "An improved angular diversity receiver structure for indoor VLC system using off-axis freeform optics," Proc. SPIE 12216, Novel Optical Systems, Methods, and Applications XXV, 122160V (3 October 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646249