Numerical simulation and optimization of 589 nm sodium guide star laser generated by sum frequency of Nd:YAG lasers

Shiyong Xie; Caili Wang; Jiao Lian; Jing Ma; Tiezhu Bo; Hua Cai

doi:10.1117/12.2666307

4 April 2023 Numerical simulation and optimization of 589 nm sodium guide star laser generated by sum frequency of Nd:YAG lasers

Shiyong Xie, Caili Wang, Jiao Lian, Jing Ma, Tiezhu Bo, Hua Cai

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 12617, Ninth Symposium on Novel Photoelectronic Detection Technology and Applications; 126174C (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2666307
Event: Ninth Symposium on Novel Photoelectronic Detection Technology and Applications (NDTA 2022), 2022, Hefei, China

Abstract

When using large ground-based telescopes to observe celestial bodies, due to the influence of atmospheric turbulence, the images obtained are blurred and the resolution is limited. By emitting a yellow 589 nm laser into the sky, the sodium atom in the air layer at a height of 90 km is excited to form a sodium guide star. The adaptive optical technology containing the sodium guide star can be used to correct the image distortion, so that the telescope can reach the theoretical diffraction limit resolution. The 589 nm laser is called sodium guide star laser, which is the key component. The sum frequency of 1064 nm and 1319 nm spectral lines of Nd:YAG crystal in nonlinear medium can produce 589 nm yellow laser, which is one of the main ways to obtain 589 nm sodium guide star laser. Under the ideal monochromatic uniform plane wave and slowly varying amplitude approximation, the sum frequency process can be described by three wave coupling equations. The three wave coupling equations are numerically simulated by the improved Euler method. In the simulation process, the sum frequency process is approximated as follows: the beam radius follows the propagation law of Gaussian beam, the sum frequency process meets the phase matching, and only the sum frequency nonlinear effect exists in the crystal. Specifically, the 589 nm sum frequency process of 1064 nm and 1319 nm laser through LBO crystal is numerically simulated. The relationship between the sum frequency efficiency and the focusing parameters, crystal length, fundamental frequency power ratio and other parameters is studied respectively, and the optimal sum frequency parameters are obtained under given conditions.

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Shiyong Xie, Caili Wang, Jiao Lian, Jing Ma, Tiezhu Bo, and Hua Cai "Numerical simulation and optimization of 589 nm sodium guide star laser generated by sum frequency of Nd:YAG lasers", Proc. SPIE 12617, Ninth Symposium on Novel Photoelectronic Detection Technology and Applications, 126174C (4 April 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2666307

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KEYWORDS

Crystals

Laser crystals

Laser guide stars

Sodium guide stars

Gaussian beams

Nonlinear crystals

Numerical simulations

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