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The deterioration of natural ecological environment of Huai River Basin has been one of the most important factors of restricting the sustainable development of local social economy. However previous researches focused on the ecological environment are subjective and inaccuracy. RSEI is a newly developed aggregated index to fast detect ecological conditions solely using remote sensing data. However, it is unstable and its results are not unique, so it cannot be calculated in batches. As a result, the model can only use a single image to measure the comprehensive ecological environment index, and the results are accidental. This paper uses the improved RSEI model based on the full-time remote sensing big data and cloud computing technology to calculate the eco-environment quality and its changes of Huai River Basin. It is more objective and true to express the regional ecological environment status by using the average of the image measurement results of all phases of a year. Then this paper uses hot spot analysis, and geographic detector to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and the influence factors of the eco-environment quality of Huai River Basin from 1990 to 2019. The results are as follows: (1) the ecological environment quality of Huai River Basin deteriorated gradually, and the ecological environment deteriorated most dramatically in 2015-2019, (2)the changes of the ecological environment index have obvious accumulation from 1990 to 2019 and the accumulation areas of cold and hot spots are decreasing gradually, (3) the interaction between human activities intensity, the diversity of land use, and the degree of topographic undulation have greater impact on the ecological environment than other factors. The number of factors who have a significant impact on the ecological environment is increasing gradually, and the ways these factors act are becoming more and more complex.
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