Real-time confocal microscopy

G. J. Brakenhoff; Koen Visscher

doi:10.1117/12.172082

4 April 1994 Real-time confocal microscopy

G. J. Brakenhoff, Koen Visscher

Proceedings Volume 2184, Three-Dimensional Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing; (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.172082
Event: IS&T/SPIE 1994 International Symposium on Electronic Imaging: Science and Technology, 1994, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

Real-time confocal imaging is subject to a number of constraints connected with the emission capabilities of (especially) fluorescent specimen and the particular confocal imaging technique employed. We will see that there are from the confocal image collection techniques no basic impediments towards real-time 3D imaging. The limitations sooner lie in the specimen fluorescence emission capabilities--both with respect to emission rate and total emission and of course biological tolerance limits to the exciting radiation. The various factors are examined and it is found that parallel confocal illumination and detection approaches especially via techniques of direct field (also known as direct view) confocal imaging. These combined with detection on CCD detectors offer probably the optimal and most convenient way to realize real-time imaging.

Citation Download Citation

G. J. Brakenhoff and Koen Visscher "Real-time confocal microscopy", Proc. SPIE 2184, Three-Dimensional Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing, (4 April 1994); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.172082

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