Generalized weighted spectral difference algorithm for weak target detection in multiband imagery

Lawrence E. Hoff; An Mei Chen; Xiaoli Yu; Edwin M. Winter

doi:10.1117/12.217675

1 September 1995 Generalized weighted spectral difference algorithm for weak target detection in multiband imagery

Lawrence E. Hoff, An Mei Chen, Xiaoli Yu, Edwin M. Winter

Proceedings Volume 2561, Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1995; (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.217675
Event: SPIE's 1995 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, 1995, San Diego, CA, United States

Abstract

The detection and recognition of targets in infrared wide area surveillance systems is made difficult by clutter background and low resolution. Recent advances in technology have made available small and lightweight hyperspectral imaging sensors. Hyperspectral sensors can facilitate the detection of targets in clutter because natural vegetation clutter has a different statistical distribution of radiant energy in the spectral bands than targets. Natural clutter from vegetation can be characterized as a grey body, but man made objects (i.e. targets) are selective radiators. Compared to blackbody radiators, targets emit radiation more strongly at some wavelengths than at others. The approach taken in this paper is to partition the bands into two groups. The targets exhibit substantial color signatures in one group but look like grey bodies in the other group. A generalized formation for combining the hyperspectral bands is derived using maximum likelihood techniques. The algorithm is a generalization of the weighted spectral difference algorithm, and reduces to that form if the image data is preprocessed to make it spatially white. It is also shown that the algorithm is optimum for non- Gaussian noise when the criterion is to minimize the mean square error between the two groups of bands. The algorithm is applied to TIMS multispectral and SMIFTS hyperspectral data to illustrate the algorithm performance.

Citation Download Citation

Lawrence E. Hoff, An Mei Chen, Xiaoli Yu, and Edwin M. Winter "Generalized weighted spectral difference algorithm for weak target detection in multiband imagery", Proc. SPIE 2561, Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1995, (1 September 1995); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.217675

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