As a supplement to the vector arithmetics covered in Section 2.4.1, this appendix serves two purposes. First, the commutative and associative laws of vector addition and subtraction are demonstrated. Secondly, these laws may be used to graphically and mathematically bisect vectors. Other vector arithmetic, such as multiplication and division issues, vector-vector dot, cross, and direct products are covered in Sections 2.4.2 and 2.4.3.
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