In its trivalent form, Europium is well-known for its red emission at ~620 nm; however, transitions at ~590 nm and ~545 nm are also possible if additional excited states are exploited. Using intentional co-doping and energy-transfer engineering, we show that it is possible to attain all three primary colors due to emission originating from two different excited states of the same Eu3+ ion mixed with near band edge emission from GaN centered at ~430 nm. The intensity ratios of these transitions can be controlled by choosing the current injection conditions such as injection current density and duty cycle under pulsed current injection.
Eu-doped GaN is a promising material with a wide array of potential applications in optoelectronics, optogenetics, micro displays and quantum computing. While this system has been the subject of intense investigation for the last two decades, several questions still remain about certain aspects of its optical properties, such as the polarization dependence of the optical transitions, and the coupling between the 4f-electron configuration and bulk phonons, as well and the appearance of local phonon modes. Moreover, the origin of certain emission peaks remains under debate in the literature. In this proceeding, the results of a systematic series of “site-selective” photoluminescence measurements are presented, where the properties of pulsed and continuous-wave laser excitation, such as polarization and intensity, were controlled.
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