Cell type classification and isolation according to imaging and spatial characteristics, beyond traditional fluorescently labeled biomarkers, enable the development of new biological insight and establishment of connections between phenotypical, morphological, and genomic cell information in normal and diseased states. Here we demonstrate a 2D image-guided cell sorter and a 3D imaging flow cytometer using fast scanning laser excitation sources. Both systems feature a cameraless design, which reconstructs cell images from the temporal readout of photomultiplier tubes.
An intrinsic signal amplification mechanism, namely cycling excitation process (CEP), has been demonstrated in a heavily doped and heavily compensated silicon p-n junction diode. The physical process amplifies photo-generated signal at low bias (<5V) and produces ultralow excess noise at least partially attributed to an internal stabilization mechanism via electron-phonon interactions. Auger excitation, which can be calculated with Fermi Golden rule and quasi pseudopotential, and localized carrier ionization by phonon absorption are considered two key processes responsible for the unique device characteristics. A partially compensated p-n junction silicon diode based on the proposed CEP principle has shown high gain of ~6000 at -5V and an excess noise factor as low as 3.5 at this gain level, measured at 635nm wavelength and 1KHz for potential imaging applications.
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