The fusion process of the fused-fiber couplers is considered as the motion of an incompressible Newtonian fluid, which is driven by a constant surface tension acting at the free boundary. The internal velocity field is obtained using conformal mapping methods introduced by Hopper and Richardson. Markers are then used, to determine the layers' shape evolution. Theoretical results are compared to experimental observations.
The origin and the behavior of the birefringence of solid-core
air-silica microstructured fibers is described with
the help of a simple approximate model. The first two modes of three different types of fibers are studied.
Numerical results, obtained from both finite element and boundary integral methods calculations, are presented
to support the validity of the model and to delineate its limits.
The refractive index is assumed to be a linear function of the dopant concentration. We investigate the core dopant evolution during the fused-fiber coupler fabrication by solving the convective diffusion equation. The tapering and the fusion of the coupler are considered as coupled phenomena. The slenderness of the geometry makes it possible to simplify the equations and to obtain a three-dimensional model for the velocity field. We present numerical solutions of the resulting equations and compare them with experimental measurements of the refractive index profile.
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