Hair-thin optical fiber endoscopes have opened new paradigms for advanced imaging applications, such as optical coherence tomography, which a large depth-of-field is desirable to trade off lateral and axial resolutions. This requirement can be achieved using needle-like Bessel beams, generated by micro-lenses bonded onto fiber tips. In this paper, we compare Fresnel zone plate and axicon mask on fiber tips shaping light into Gaussian foci and Bessel beams, and demonstrate that the axicon-fiber device is capable of imaging a resolution target with large depth-of-field. We also show that our fabrication method is capable of fabricating fiber-imaging devices with multi-layer lens stacks.
In applications such as optical coherence tomography, there is a need both to achieve large depth of field by light shaping and to maintain ultracompact form factors. Flat metasurfaces on optical fibers can achieve such requirements, with designs such as encapsulated diffractive axicon masks. They have the advantages of simple fabrication and transfer, scalability to multi-layer structures and ability to wavelength and/or polarization control. We show a method to shape light from optical fibers via diffractive metallic metalenses bonded onto fiber facets. We discuss a novel process for fabrication and, as proof-of-principle, demonstrate Fresnel zone plates and diffractive axicons on optical fiber facets.
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