Dr. Germar Bernhard Profile

Dr. Germar Bernhard

Senior Scientist at Biospherical Instruments Inc

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Proceedings Article | 25 August 2009 Paper

Dissemination of data from the National Science Foundation's UV monitoring network

Germar Bernhard, Charles Booth, James Ehramjian, Vi Quang

Proceedings Volume 7462, 74620F (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826266

KEYWORDS: Ultraviolet radiation, Data archive systems, Data centers, Data modeling, Data storage, Ozone, Atmospheric modeling, Satellites, Atmospheric sensing, Clouds

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 November 2008

2003 North American interagency intercomparison of ultraviolet spectroradiometers: scanning and spectrograph instruments

Kathleen Lantz, Patrick Disterhoft, James Slusser, Wei Gao, Jerry Berndt, Germar Bernhard, Sarah Bloms, Charles Booth, James Ehramjian, Lee Harrison, George Janson, Paul Johnston, Peter Kiedron, Richard McKenzie, Michael Kimlin, Patrick Neale, Michael O'Neill, Vi Quang, Gunther Seckmeyer, Thomas Taylor, Sigrid Wuttke, Joseph Michalsky

JARS, Vol. 2, Issue 01, 023547, (November 2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.3040299

KEYWORDS: Lamps, Calibration, Ultraviolet radiation, Spectrographs, Ozone, Radiometry, Diffusers, Atmospheric monitoring, Algorithm development, Monochromators

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Proceedings Article | 11 October 2006 Paper

International intercomparison of multiband filter radiometers in Oslo 2005

B. Johnsen, B. Kjeldstad, T. Aalerud, L. Nilsen, J. Schreder, M. Blumthaler, G. Bernhard, A. Bagheri, B. Bhattarai, C. Topaloglou, G. Zablocki, O. Meinander, B. Høiskar, R. Haugen, W. Durham, G. Janson, A. Marrero, A. Dahlback, D. Bolsée, J. Slusser, J. Stamnes, C. Torres, A. Smedley, L.-E. Paulsson, K. Lakkala, A. Webb, J. Ørbæk, A. Grimenes, T. Ringstad, T. Lange, W. Josefsson

Proceedings Volume 6362, 63620W (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.688918

KEYWORDS: Radiometry, OSLO, Ultraviolet radiation, Curium, Remote sensing, Clouds, Atmospheric sensing, Ozone, Aerosols, Climatology

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Proceedings Article | 19 August 2005 Paper

UV climatology at Palmer Station, Antarctica, based on version 2 NSF network data

Germar Bernhard, Charles Booth, James Ehramjian

Proceedings Volume 5886, 588607 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.614172

KEYWORDS: Ultraviolet radiation, Ozone, Clouds, Climatology, Atmospheric modeling, Data modeling, Reflectivity, Visible radiation, Radiative transfer, Radiation effects

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Spectral ultraviolet (UV) and visible irradiance has been measured at Palmer Station, Antarctica, between 1988 and 2004 with a SUV-100 spectroradiometer. The instrument is part of the U.S. National Science Foundation's UV Monitoring Network. Here we present a UV climatology for Palmer Station based on the recently produced "Version 2" data edition. This data set will supersede the original release "Version 0". Corrections applied to the new version increased biologically effective UV dose rates by 0-9%. Values of UV-A irradiance changed by -8% to +10%. A comparison with results of a radiative transfer model confirmed that measurements of different years are consistent to within ±5%. Total ozone column was calculated from UV spectra and was found to agree with measurements of NASA's Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) installed on the Nimbus-7 satellite to within 1%. TOMS measurements on the Earth Probe satellite are 3% lower than SUV-100 data. Effective surface albedo was estimated from clear sky spectra. Between August and November, albedo typically ranges between 0.6 and 0.95. After melting of snow and sea ice, albedo varies between 0.3 and 0.5. Biologically effective UV radiation is largest in November and December when low total ozone amounts coincide with relatively small solar zenith angles (SZA). During these months, the noon-time UV Index typically varies between 4 and 7, but UV indices as high as 14.8 have been observed. The largest erythemal daily dose of 8.8 kJ/m² was measured on 11/10/97 and 12/7/98. Linear regression analyses did not indicate statistically significant trends in UV or visible radiation, with the exception of February when small downward trends with statistical significance were observed. On average, clouds reduce UV irradiance at 345 nm between 28% (October and November) and 42% (February) compared to clear sky levels. In extreme cases, reductions by clouds can be as high as 90%. Between September and November, the variability introduced by ozone is similar to that caused by clouds.

SPIE Journal Paper | 1 April 2005

Real-time ultraviolet and column ozone from multichannel ultraviolet radiometers deployed in the National Science Foundation's ultraviolet monitoring network

Germar Bernhard, Charles Booth, James Ehramjian

OE, Vol. 44, Issue 04, 041011, (April 2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.1887195

KEYWORDS: Ultraviolet radiation, Calibration, Ozone, Radiometry, Lamps, Monochromators, Optical engineering, Atmospheric modeling, Optical filters, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 14 October 2004 Paper

UV and total ozone climatology at the South Pole based on Version 2 NSF network data

Germar Bernhard, Charles Booth, James Ehramjian

Proceedings Volume 5545, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.561390

KEYWORDS: Ozone, Ultraviolet radiation, Climatology, Aerosols, Algorithm development, Clouds, Visible radiation, Earth observing sensors, Satellites, Data analysis

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Proceedings Article | 4 November 2003 Paper

Real-time UV and column ozone from multichannel UV radiometers deployed in the National Science Foundation's UV monitoring network

Germar Bernhard, Charles Booth, James Ehramjian

Proceedings Volume 5156, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.509132

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Ultraviolet radiation, Ozone, Radiometry, Monochromators, Deconvolution, Lamps, Optical filters, Silicon, Photodiodes

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 2003 Paper

The quality of data from the National Science Foundation's UV monitoring network for polar regions

Germar Bernhard, Charles Booth, James Ehramjian

Proceedings Volume 4896, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.466239

KEYWORDS: Clouds, Calibration, Ultraviolet radiation, Lamps, Diffusers, Data processing, Sun, Standards development, Monochromators, Ozone

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Proceedings Article | 17 January 2002 Paper

Comparison of measured and modeled spectral ultraviolet irradiance at Antarctic stations used to determine biases in total ozone data from various sources

Germar Bernhard, Charles Booth, James Ehramjian

Proceedings Volume 4482, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.452910

KEYWORDS: Ozone, Ultraviolet radiation, Atmospheric modeling, Data modeling, Temperature metrology, Clouds, Radiative transfer, Absorption, Instrument modeling, Climatology

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Proceedings Article | 2 November 1993 Paper

Cosine error correction of spectral UV-irradiances

Gunther Seckmeyer, Germar Bernhard

Proceedings Volume 2049, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.163505

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Atmospheric optics, Radiometry, Ultraviolet radiation, Sun, Calibration, Error analysis, Lamps, Signal detection, Solar radiation

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Showing 5 of 10 publications

SPIE Conference Volume | 18 August 2005

Ultraviolet Ground- and Space-based Measurements, Models, and Effects V

SPIE Conference Volume | 14 October 2004

Ultraviolet Ground- and Space-based Measurements, Models, and Effects IV

Conference Committee Involvement (4)

Ultraviolet Ground- and Space-based Measurements, Models, and Effects V

31 July 2005 | San Diego, California, United States

Ultraviolet Ground- and Space-based Measurements, Models, and Effects IV

5 August 2004 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Ultraviolet Ground- and Space-based Measurements, Models, and Effects III

4 August 2003 | San Diego, California, United States

Ultraviolet Ground- and Space-based Measurements, Models, and Effects II

25 October 2002 | Hangzhou, China

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