KEYWORDS: Solar cells, Hydrogen, Tandem solar cells, Silicon, Interfaces, Crystals, Microcrystalline materials, Thin film solar cells, Thin films, Silicon films
This paper gives an overview of the scientific challenges and achievements during the development of thin film silicon
based single and tandem solar cells with high-pressure RF-PECVD deposited doped and active layers. The effect of i/p
interface treatment on the crystalline growth of high conductive p-type layer and the improvement of the Voc and FF of
single-junction a-Si:H solar cell was studied. The role of gradient hydrogen dilution technique in the controlling the
microstructural evolution of the intrinsic layer and its influence on the solar cell performance were investigated. By
combining above methods, an efficiency of 5.7% (Voc=470mV, Jsc=20.2mA/cm2, FF=60%) has been for a single-junction
μc-Si:H solar cell. Then, the thicknesses of bottom cells and top cells were varied to achieve good current
matching, which yield an efficiency of 9.9% for μc-Si:H/a-Si:H tandem solar cell with Voc of 1221mV, Jsc of
11.61mA/cm2 and fill factor of 70%.
Intrinsic microcrystalline silicon has been deposited by very high frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (VHF-PECVD) technique at different discharge powers and silane concentrations. The results of Raman evidently show that the transition of materials from amorphous to microcrystalline silicon with the discharge power from low to high. To fabricate microcrystalline silicon material, the lower SC needs lower power and the higher SC needs higher power. The results of photo thermal deflection (PDS) measurements also indicate that the high quality of microcrystalline silicon was fabricated because of the low 'sub-band’ absorption coefficient, which is generally associated with defect densities. In addition, the results of dark conductivity and photosensitivity also evidently proved that a number of high quality microcrystalline silicon could be deposited by the optimization of experimental parameters. The results of active energy also show that material deposited by us could be used to fabricate solar cells. Preliminary results on the devices are presented: efficiency of approximately 5.3% was reached for 1μm thick solar cells.
A new pump configuration of two steps of cascaded Raman fiber amplifier is demonstrated and is numerically simulated in the 80 km fiber span. In order to obtain lossless transmission and low noise figure, the pump power values are optimized.
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