Fast steering mirrors (FSMs) play a critical role in optical systems that require high stability and fast response speed, particularly in high-speed rotating systems responsible for image stabilization, such as back-scanning step-and-stare imaging systems. However, high-speed mirror control is limited by factors such as mechanical size, fatigue strength of the flexure as well as the fact that motor parameters such as force and force constant are also limited and varied by temperature. This paper proposes a control architecture with a moving trajectory and an optimized algorithm for high-speed movement in the condition of small displacement angles. The control algorithm employs a model-based adaptive control method to adapt the FSM's behavior and optimize the trajectory based on the desired performance criteria. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in improving the FSM's positioning accuracy and robustness. The proposed approach achieves a remarkably small position deviation during the exposure time, while maintaining a small displacement angle, ensuring the stability and long-term operability of the mechanical system.
Inertial stabilized platforms (ISP) are used in many acquisition, tracking and pointing systems, in which the line of sight (LOS) of electro-optical sensors must be kept steady. This is very challenging, especially in long range Electro- Optical/Infrared (EO/IR) systems where the LOS is more sensitive to mechanical-electrical noise, aerodynamic force or base motion effects. The efforts to improve the stability of the system includes various approaches from control algorithms, feedback/feed forward compensator to dual-stage controller or six degrees of freedom pivot, etc. n this paper, the authors present several control architectures for a multi-axis ISP system. First, the dynamic of four-axis gimbaled pedestal is modeled taking into account the effects of friction, cross-coupling and mechanical limitation. Then, the control loops for stabilization and pointing are designed using master–slave architecture for each gimbal axis. The pointing accuracy and stabilization level are analyzed and evaluated by simulation and experiment. At the end, by switching the role of each gimbal, an optimal control architecture that performs the stabilization at micro radian level in the wide range of bandwidth has been suggested. It is also proved that the proposed methods are effective for other EO/IR mobile systems that suffered various frequency of disturbance.
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