A super multi-view head-up display (SMV-HUD) was developed. The smooth motion parallax provided by the SMV
technique enables a precise superposition of three-dimensional (3D) images on real objects. The developed SMV-HUD
was used to explore display conditions to provide smooth motion parallax. It had three configurations that display 3D
images in short-, medium-, and long-distance ranges, assuming the supposed usage of PC monitors, TVs, and public
viewing, respectively. The subjective evaluation was performed by changing the depth of 3D images and the interval of
viewing points. The interval of viewing points was changed by displaying identical parallax images to succeeding
viewing points. We found that the ratio of the image shift between adjacent parallax images to the pixel pitch of 3D
images dominated the perception of the unnatural motion parallax. When the ratio was smaller than 0.2, the discontinuity
was not perceived. When the ratio was larger than 1, the discontinuity was always perceived and the 3D resolution
decreased two times at transition points of viewing points. When the crosstalk between viewing points was relatively
large, the discontinuity was not perceived even when the ratio was one or two, although the resolution decreased two or
three times throughout the viewing region.
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