We have developed several strategies for modulating the infrared absorptivity and emissivity of metasurfaces via electrical control signal. These employ such approaches as voltage-induced symmetry breaking and period doubling for controlling the coupling between a guided mode of the metasurface and the continuum. We further describe potential applications in encoding and encrypting light, for development of secure tags.
We investigate methods for dynamic reshaping of the spectral and directional characteristics of thermal emissivity from warm objects, using micro patterning. In our design work, we propose infrared meta material structures for on/off switching of emissivity peaks. We use index perturbation to break the symmetry of a dark mode formed by coupling between a pair of resonators, allowing the mode to emit. We further introduce coupled cavity structures for which small index perturbations cause a large change in the dominant angle of thermal emission. In our experimental implementations, we demonstrate voltage tuning of spectral peaks in metamaterials based on epitaxial transfer of p-i-n GaAs structures to the intermediate layer of a MIM metamaterial.
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