An optical coherence tomography (OCT) system with a prototype dental probe was used to image fresh, frozen porcine jaws to evaluate the ability to identify different tissue types in the periodontium. OCT reliably imaged structures in the tooth and the periodontium to optical depths of approximately 3 mm at the 18 swine premolar sites measured. Measurements of the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to alveolar crest (AC) distance with OCT were compared to microphotography measurements at matching anatomic sites. Strong correlation between the measurements was observed (Person correlation r=0.89). Bland-Altman analysis of the agreement between measurements showed good agreement, no systematic bias, and zero fixed bias (p<0.01). This pilot study suggests OCT may be used to optically, non-invasively monitor periodontal conditions, in particular changes in alveolar bone level as measured by the CEJ-AC distance, in real time.
Internal adaptation of adhesive restorations affects their longevity. In a clinical setting, the dentists use visual and tactile examination to evaluate marginal adaptation, while radiographs provide somewhat reliable information about adaptation or secondary caries present. For class V restorations located on the vestibular (buccal) surfaces, none of the tools available can provide any information about the internal adaptation or the presence of secondary caries. OCT has been proven to be a useful tool for non-destructive assessment of internal adaptation of adhesive restorations. This paper is evaluating the use of a new high-resolution handheld OCT prototype with a pen-shaped intraoral tip and an imaging depth of 8mm to examine the internal adaptation and the presence of demineralization under resin restorations on the vestibular dentin surface. The Axsun OCT system helped evaluate the internal adaptation of composite restorations, differentiate between healthy and demineralised dentin, adhesive, and restoration layers. OCT provided a unique visualization and characterization of internal structures as well as non-contact assessment of marginal adaptation.
Dental caries is one of the most important oral global health burdens. Even though the scientific community has a good understanding of its etiology, almost 100% of the population still present dental caries in one form or another. Different reasons such as lack of oral health education, symptom-driven consultations and late caries detection may be considered as the main explanations. Recently, new noninvasive therapies showed an important protective effect against caries progression. These new treatment options can be mainly applied in case of non cavitated lesions, thus the need for early caries detection becomes crucial. With novel near infrared technologies, early enamel lesions can be detected and monitored over time to provide information on the lesions’ activity and the caries risk level. The long-term monitoring of early lesions- treated or not - is now possible with near infrared caries detection tools. With no ionizing radiation required, frequent imaging of the lesions is possible for high risk patients. Near infrared early caries detection can improve the success rate of noninvasive preventive and therapeutic measures, while providing the opportunity to monitor carious lesions in their early stages and to offer a large window of opportunity for early intervention, when necessary.
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