Laser microprocessing and nanoengineering are of great interest to both scientists and engineers, since the inspired
properties of functional micro/nanostructures over large areas can lead to numerous unique applications. Currently laser
processing systems combined with high speed automation ensure the focused laser beam to process various materials at a
high throughput and a high accuracy over large working areas. UV lasers are widely used in both laser microprocessing
and nanoengineering. However by improving the processing methods, green pulsed laser is capable of replacing UV
lasers to make high aspect ratio micro-grooves on fragile and transparent sapphire substrates. Laser micro-texturing can
also tune the wetting property of metal surfaces from hydrophilic to super-hydrophobic at a contact angle of 161°
without chemical coating. Laser microlens array (MLA) can split a laser beam into multiple laser beams and reduce the
laser spot size down to sub-microns. It can be applied to fabricate split ring resonator (SRR) meta-materials for THz
sensing, surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) structures for NIR and molding tools for soft lithography. Furthermore, laser
interference lithography combined with thermal annealing can obtain a large area of sub-50nm nano-dot clusters used for
SPR applications.
Chromatic dispersion (CD) and polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) monitoring methods based on radio-frequency (RF)
spectrum analysis and optical filtering are demonstrated. By using a narrow band fiber Bragg grating (FBG) notch filter,
which is centered at 10GHz away from carrier, 10GHz RF power can be used as a CD-insensitive PMD monitoring
signal. By taking the 10GHz RF power ratio of non-filtered and filtered signal, PMD-insensitive CD monitoring can be
achieved. If the FBG notch filter is placed at optical carrier, the RF clock power ratio between non-filtered and filtered
signal is also a PMD-insensitive CD monitoring parameter, which has larger RF power dynamic range and better
measurement resolution. Both simulation and experiment results show that the proposed methods are efficient on
measuring CD and PMD values in 38-Gbit/s DQPSK and 57-Gbit/s D8PSK systems.
We propose and demonstrate a novel method to suppress the polarization induced signal fluctuation in Brillouin Optical
Time Domain Analysis (BOTDA) fiber distributed sensing system. The polarization diversity scheme contains two
polarization beam splitters (PBSs) and a piece of single mode fiber (SMF). The pulsed pump wave is split into two
beams with orthogonal polarization states and one of the beams is delayed by a time related to the pulse width. Then, the
two beams are recombined. Theoretically, the Degree-of-Polarization (DOP) of the recombined wave is zero and the
distributed sensing system is insensitive to the polarization state of the probe. Stable distributed temperature
measurement is demonstrated along a 1.2 km SMF.
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