Mr. K. Alexander McIntosh Profile

K. Alexander McIntosh

Researcher at MIT Lincoln Lab

SPIE Involvement:

Conference Chair | Editor | Author

Publications (32)

Proceedings Article | 10 June 2024 Presentation

Active area measurement of 1064nm InGaAsP/InP Geiger mode avalanche photodiodes

Caroline Tally, Abigail Licht, Zachary Kranefeld, Jonathan Richardson, Denis Nothern, K. Alexander McIntosh, Erik Duerr

Proceedings Volume PC13025, PC1302501 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3016840

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodiodes, Avalanche photodetectors, Telecommunications, TCAD, Radiation effects, Quantum systems, Quantum particles, Quantum optics experiments, Quantum optical communication, Quantum experiments

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Proceedings Article | 7 June 2024 Presentation + Paper

Afterpulsing in 1550nm Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode focal plane arrays

Zachary Farhm, Hermanus Pretorius, K. Alexander McIntosh, Erik Duerr

Proceedings Volume 13025, 1302502 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3014137

KEYWORDS: Readout integrated circuits, Windows, Data processing, Sensors, Avalanche photodiodes, Histograms, Avalanche photodetectors, Air force, Activation energy, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 10 October 2023 Presentation + Paper

Modeling novel radiation hardened avalanche photodiode architectures

Caroline Tally, Abigail Licht, Denis Nothern, Christopher O'Connell, Michael Myszka, Joseph Donnelly, Alex McIntosh, Christopher Heidelberger, Erik Duerr

Proceedings Volume 12687, 126870C (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2676426

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodetectors, Electric fields, Avalanche photodiodes, Modeling, Instrument modeling, 3D modeling, Photodetectors

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Proceedings Article | 30 May 2022 Presentation + Paper

Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays fabricated on SOI engineered-substrates

Kevin Ryu, Brian Aull, Michael Collins, Noah Pestana, Joseph Ciampi, Rabindra Das, Kevan Donlon, Hermanus Pretorius, Meera Punjiya, Alex McIntosh, Erik Duerr

Proceedings Volume 12089, 120890C (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2618610

KEYWORDS: Semiconducting wafers, Silicon, Readout integrated circuits, Wafer bonding, Sensors, Avalanche photodiodes, Single photon detectors, LIDAR

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Proceedings Article | 30 May 2022 Presentation + Paper

A direct-detection LIDAR detector for the Europa lander concept

Meera Punjiya, Kevin Ryu, Brian Aull, K. Alexander McIntosh, Kevan Donlon, Mike Brattain, Hermanus Pretorius, Denis Nothern, Noah Pestana, Thomas Karolyshyn, Jorgo Mihallari, Zachary Kranefeld, Erik Duerr, Anup Katake, Alejandro Miguel San Martin

Proceedings Volume 12089, 1208903 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2618800

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Silicon, Readout integrated circuits, LIDAR, Microlens array, Avalanche photodetectors, Silica, Aluminum nitride, Tolerancing, Reticles

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Proceedings Article | 30 May 2022 Presentation + Paper

Mitigation of optical crosstalk in Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays for lidar

Brian Aull, Michael Collins, Kevan Donlan, Joseph Ciampi, Meera Punjiya, K. Alexander McIntosh, Kevin Ryu, Deborah Woods

Proceedings Volume 12089, 120890E (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2618169

KEYWORDS: Semiconducting wafers, Capacitance, Avalanche photodiodes, Sensors, Silicon, LIDAR, Zemax, Readout integrated circuits, Ray tracing, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 9 June 2021 Presentation + Paper

Probabilistic processing of Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays for background rate measurements

H. Pretorius, B. Aull, H. Clark, J. MacDonald, N. Pestana, K. McIntosh, E. Duerr, A. Katake, J. Mumolo

Proceedings Volume 11721, 117210S (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2588469

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Avalanche photodiodes, Imaging systems, Detection and tracking algorithms, Sensor performance, Error analysis, Binary data

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Proceedings Article | 12 April 2021 Presentation + Paper

Evaluation of asynchronous geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays for deep-space optical communications

N. Pestana, H. Clark, J. MacDonald, Z. Kranefeld, F. O'Donnell, H. Pretorius, K. McIntosh, E. Duerr

Proceedings Volume 11721, 117210Q (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2589700

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Proceedings Article | 13 May 2019 Paper

Rapid prototyping of single-photon-sensitive backside-illuminated silicon avalanche photodiode arrays

Kevin Ryu, K. Alexander McIntosh, Steven Rabe, Joseph Ciampi, Renee Lambert, Rabindra Das, Bradley Felton, David Volfson, Christopher Leitz, Daniel Schuette, Brian Aull

Proceedings Volume 10980, 109800L (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2520798

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodetectors, Semiconducting wafers, Silicon, Readout integrated circuits, Etching, Oxides, Avalanche photodiodes, Sensors, Wet etching, Wafer bonding

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Proceedings Article | 13 May 2019 Paper

Photon counting camera for the NASA deep space optical communication demonstration on the PSYCHE mission

Benjamin Buck, Gregory Allen, Erik Duerr, K. Alexander McIntosh, Shawn Moynihan, Vishwa Shukla, Jeffrey Wang

Proceedings Volume 10978, 1097809 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2520617

KEYWORDS: Readout integrated circuits, Cameras, Electronics, Sensors, Avalanche photodetectors, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 18 September 2018 Presentation + Paper

Large-format image sensors based on custom Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays

Brian Aull, Erik Duerr, Jonathan Frechette, K. Alexander McIntosh, Daniel Schuette, Vyshi Suntharalingam, Richard Younger

Proceedings Volume 10729, 107290B (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2322656

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodetectors, Silicon, Sensors, LIDAR, Semiconducting wafers, Image sensors, Image processing, Imaging systems, Wafer bonding, Avalanche photodiodes

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2018 Presentation

Advances in InP/InGaAs Geiger-mode APD focal plane arrays (Conference Presentation)

Mohamed Diagne, Alex McIntosh, Joseph Donnelly, Michael Myszka, Jonathan Frechette

Proceedings Volume 10659, 1065904 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2306423

KEYWORDS: Staring arrays, Avalanche photodetectors, Fabrication, Microlens array

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SPIE Journal Paper | 19 August 2014 Open Access

Special Section Guest Editorial: Single-Photon Detection, Generation, and Applications

Alex McIntosh, Mark Itzler

OE, Vol. 53, Issue 08, 081901, (August 2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.53.8.081901

KEYWORDS: Single photon detectors, Single photon, Avalanche photodetectors, Sensors, Optical engineering, Photodetectors, Photon counting, Metrology, Photomultipliers, Solid state electronics

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Proceedings Article | 23 May 2012 Paper

Readout circuitry for continuous high-rate photon detection with arrays of InP Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes

Jonathan Frechette, Peter Grossmann, David Busacker, George Jordy, Erik Duerr, K. Alexander McIntosh, Douglas Oakley, Robert Bailey, Albert Ruff, Michael Brattain, Joseph Funk, Jason MacDonald, Simon Verghese

Proceedings Volume 8375, 83750W (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.918131

KEYWORDS: Readout integrated circuits, Avalanche photodetectors, Clocks, Sensors, Photodetectors, Avalanche photodiodes, Detector arrays, Optical communications, LIDAR, Quenching (fluorescence)

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Proceedings Article | 30 April 2009 Paper

Packaging and qualification of single-photon counting avalanche photodiode focal plane arrays

Joseph Funk, Gary Smith, K. Alex McIntosh, Joseph Donnelly, Michael Brattain, Albert Ruff, Simon Verghese

Proceedings Volume 7320, 73200S (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.821294

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodetectors, Staring arrays, Packaging, Microlens array, Microlens, Avalanche photodiodes, Diodes, Reliability, Optical fabrication, Optical alignment

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Proceedings Article | 30 April 2009 Paper

Reliable InP-based Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays

Gary Smith, K. Alex McIntosh, Joseph Donnelly, Joseph Funk, Leonard Mahoney, Simon Verghese

Proceedings Volume 7320, 73200R (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.819126

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodetectors, Failure analysis, Reliability, Readout integrated circuits, Data modeling, Avalanche photodiodes, Mathematical modeling, Defense and security, Instrument modeling, LIDAR

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Proceedings Article | 29 April 2009 Paper

Crosstalk analysis of integrated Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode focal plane arrays

Richard Younger, K. Alex McIntosh, Joseph Chludzinski, Douglas Oakley, Leonard Mahoney, Joseph Funk, Joseph Donnelly, S. Verghese

Proceedings Volume 7320, 73200Q (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.819173

KEYWORDS: Staring arrays, Avalanche photodetectors, Point spread functions, Wafer-level optics, Avalanche photodiodes, Readout integrated circuits, Silicon, Photodetectors, Metals, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 29 April 2009 Paper

Arrays of 128x32 InP-based Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes

S. Verghese, K. A. McIntosh, Z. L. Liau, C. Sataline, J. Shelton, J. Donnelly, J. Funk, R. Younger, L. Mahoney, G. Smith, J. Mahan, D. Chapman, D. Oakley, M. Brattain

Proceedings Volume 7320, 73200M (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.821875

KEYWORDS: Readout integrated circuits, Photodetectors, Microlens array, Avalanche photodetectors, Microlens, Sensors, Avalanche photodiodes, Semiconducting wafers, Integrated optics, Interfaces

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 October 2008 Open Access

InP-based single-photon detector arrays with asynchronous readout integrated circuits

James Glettler, Pablo Hopman, Simon Verghese, Joseph Aversa, Lawrence Candell, Joseph Donnelly, Erik Duerr, Jonathan Frechette, Joseph Funk, Zong-Long Liau, Alex McIntosh, Leonard Mahoney, Karen Molvar, Douglas Oakley, Edward Ouellette, Gary Smith, Christopher Vineis

OE, Vol. 47, Issue 10, 100502, (October 2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2992138

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodetectors, Sensors, Readout integrated circuits, Photodetectors, Detector arrays, Single photon detectors, Avalanche photodiodes, Photon counting, Integrated circuits, Quenching (fluorescence)

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Proceedings Article | 19 May 2005 Paper

1-micrometer Geiger-mode detector development

J. Donnelly, K. McIntosh, D. Oakley, A. Napoleone, S. Groves, S. Vernon, L. Mahoney, K. Molvar, J. Mahan, J. Aversa, E. Duerr, Z. Liau, B. Aull, D. Shaver

Proceedings Volume 5791, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.609691

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodetectors, Sensors, Photons, Microlens array, Silicon, LIDAR, Semiconducting wafers, Readout integrated circuits, Detector development, Quantum efficiency

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Proceedings Article | 19 September 2001 Paper

Three-dimensional laser radar with APD arrays

Rick Heinrichs, Brian Aull, Richard Marino, Daniel Fouche, Alexander McIntosh, John Zayhowski, Timothy Stephens, Michael O'Brien, Marius Albota

Proceedings Volume 4377, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.440098

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Avalanche photodetectors, 3D image processing, Laser development, Sensors, Laser applications, Pulsed laser operation, Image processing, Mirrors, Semiconductor lasers

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 1999 Paper

Demonstration of terahertz water-vapor spectroscopy with a photomixer transceiver

K. McIntosh, Simon Verghese

Proceedings Volume 3794, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366744

KEYWORDS: Antennas, Transceivers, Terahertz spectroscopy, Terahertz radiation, Absorption, Transmitters, Receivers, Spectroscopy, Semiconductor lasers, Molecular spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 1999 Paper

Generation and detection of THz waves with photomixers

Simon Verghese, K. McIntosh, Erik Duerr

Proceedings Volume 3828, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.361024

KEYWORDS: Terahertz radiation, Receivers, Transmitters, Homodyne detection, Microwave radiation, Semiconductor lasers, Transceivers, Spectral resolution, Continuous wave operation, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 29 April 1999 Paper

Photomixer transceiver

Simon Verghese, K. McIntosh, Steve Calawa, William DiNatale, Erik Duerr, L. Mahoney

Proceedings Volume 3617, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.347116

KEYWORDS: Terahertz radiation, Receivers, Transmitters, Transceivers, Homodyne detection, Microwave radiation, Semiconductor lasers, Spectral resolution, Spectroscopy, Gallium arsenide

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Proceedings Article | 2 October 1998 Paper

Three-dimensional metallodielectric photonic crystals incorporating flat metal elements

K. McIntosh, O. McMahon, Alan Kao, R. Atkins, Simon Verghese

Proceedings Volume 3464, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.323139

KEYWORDS: Metals, Photonic crystals, Scattering, Crystals, Dielectrics, Microwave radiation, Spherical lenses, 3D modeling, Chemical elements, Finite-difference time-domain method

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Proceedings Article | 31 July 1998 Paper

Terahertz photomixing in low-temperature-grown GaAs

Elliott Brown, Simon Verghese, K. McIntosh

Proceedings Volume 3357, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.317346

KEYWORDS: Terahertz radiation, Gallium arsenide, Antennas, Semiconductor lasers, Spectroscopy, Electrodes, Receivers, Oscillators, Solid state lasers, Free space optics

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Proceedings Article | 18 December 1996 Paper

Demonstration of a phase-lockable microwave to submillimeter wave sweeper

Steve Waltman, Leo Hollberg, Alexander McIntosh, Elliott Brown

Proceedings Volume 2842, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.262739

KEYWORDS: Semiconductor lasers, Microwave radiation, Gallium arsenide, Diodes, Oscillators, Terahertz radiation, Semiconductors, Bolometers, Signal to noise ratio, Antennas

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Proceedings Article | 12 April 1996 Paper

Quantum well intersubband heterodyne infrared detection up to 82 GHz

Jianmeng Li, Hui Liu, Elliott Brown, K. McIntosh, Kirby Nichols, M. Manfra

Proceedings Volume 2685, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.237706

KEYWORDS: Heterodyning, Microwave radiation, Quantum well infrared photodetectors, Carbon dioxide lasers, Quantum wells, Signal detection, Sensors, Infrared detection, Infrared radiation, Photodetectors

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Proceedings Article | 2 June 1994 Paper

Optical-heterodyne generation in low-temperature-grown GaAs up to 1.2 THz

Elliott Brown, K. McIntosh, Kirby Nichols, M. Manfra, C. Dennis

Proceedings Volume 2145, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.177143

KEYWORDS: Gallium arsenide, Terahertz radiation, Electrodes, Antennas, Picosecond phenomena, Resistance, Solid state electronics, Diodes, Arsenic, Continuous wave operation

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Proceedings Article | 10 December 1992 Paper

Comparison of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum-well IR detectors fabricated on GaAs and Si substrates

Elliott Brown, F. Smith, George Turner, K. McIntosh, M. Manfra

Proceedings Volume 1735, (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.138635

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Gallium arsenide, Silicon, Infrared detectors, Infrared sensors, Electrons, Quantum wells, Sensor performance, Absorption, Neodymium

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