MOSAIC is a multi-object spectrograph planned to be installed on the ESO-Extremely Large Telescope. The project is approved to start its phase B in September/October 2022. The main science cases addressed by MOSAIC go from the study of faint stars in the Milky Way and in the local group, to the study of dark matter, galaxy evolution and first-light objects at the epoch of reionisation. The MOSAIC instrument offers Multi-Object Spectroscopy and Integral Field Units capabilities from the visible (VIS) to the near-infrared (NIR). The Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille is responsible for the development of the near infrared spectrograph. More precisely, it is in charge of the global architecture and design of the NIR spectrograph (optical, mechanical, thermal) and the assembly, integration, tests and verification (AIT/V) activities in cryogenic environment. In this article, the main tradeoffs in terms of optical and mechanical architectures are analyzed; the main technical choices are justified according to the science requirements (from which technical requirement specifications are derived) and the level of maturity of key critical technologies. The NIR spectrograph will be described in terms of system engineering approach. The requirement flow-down strategy, from high-level requirements at the system level toward technical specifications at the module and component levels will be presented. The main interfaces and the development philosophy (with an emphasis on the AIT/V plan) will also be included.
MOSAIC, the multi-object spectrograph (MOS) for the ESO 39m European Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), will combine visible and near-infrared observations with multi-object and multi-integral field spectroscopy capabilities. It will cover a wide panel of topics, from resolved stars up to the most distant galaxies. In the frame of the NIR spectrograph unit realization led by the Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), this paper presents the ongoing development of a cryogenic (90-130 K) NIR camera prototype tested in the 0.77-1.063 µm wavelengths (I band) detailing the opto-mechanical design and the integration and verification strategies in accordance with validation in relevant environment (ESO TRL5).
MOSAIC is the Multi-Object Spectrograph for the ESO Extremely Large Telescope, approved to enter Phase B beginning 2022. It is conceived as a multi- purpose instrument covering the Visible and Near Infrared bandwidth (0.45 –1.8 μm) with two observing modes: spatially resolved spectroscopy with 8 integral field units; and the simultaneous observation of 200 objects in the VIS and NIR in unresolved spectroscopy.
We present an overview of the main MOSAIC science drivers and the actual baseline design for the instrument. The prototyping and developments undertaken by the consortium to evaluate the feasibility of the project are also discussed.
MOSAIC is the Muti-Object Spectrograph for the ESO Extremely Large Telescope. The Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM) is in charge of the instrument “Assembly, Integration, Test and Verification (AIT/V)” phases. AITV for AO instruments, in laboratory as in the telescope, always represent numerous technical challenges. We already started the preparation and planning for the instrument level AIT activities, from identification of needs, challenges, risks, to defining the optimal AIT strategy. In this paper, we present the state of this study and describe several AIT/V scenarios and a planning for AIT phases in Europe and in Chile. We also show our capacity, experience and expertise to lead the instrument MOSAIC AIT/V activities.
M. Siudek, K. Malek, B. Garilli, M. Scodeggio, A. Fritz, A. Pollo, U. Abbas, C. Adami, S. Arnouts, J. Bel, M. Bolzonella, D. Bottini, E. Branchini, A. Cappi, J. Coupon, O. Cucciati, I. Davidzon, G. De Lucia, S. de la Torre, P. Franzetti, M. Fumana, B. Granett, L. Guzzo, O. Ilbert, A. Iovino, J. Krywult, V. Le Brun, O. Le Fèvre, D. Maccagni, F. Marulli, H. McCracken, L. Paioro, M. Polletta, H. Schlagenhaufer, L. A. Tasca, R. Tojeiro, D. Vergani, A. Zanichelli, A. Burden, C. Di Porto, A. Marchetti, C. Marinoni, Y. Mellier, L. Moscardini, R. Nichol, J. Peacock, W. Percival, S. Phleps, M. Wolk, G. Zamorani
We present studies over the relations between stellar mass, redshift and star formation history for a high quality sample of early-type galaxies (ETGs) observed by the by the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS). VIPERS is an ongoing Large Programme to map in detail the large-scale distribution of galaxies at 0:5 < z < 1:2 with a unique volume (24 deg2) and sampling rate (~= 45%). At this redshift, IPERS fills a unique niche in galaxy surveys, provides a exceptional opportunity to study galaxies and their evolution at an epoch when the Universe had approximately half its current age. VIPERS data set will become the z ~ 1 equivalent of current state-of-the-art local (z < 0:2) surveys, allowing us to compare measurements at these two different epochs on equal statistical footing. The final sample of this survey is going to reach nearly 100,000 galaxies. As the VIPERS sample contains ~ 15% of the early type galaxies with known spectroscopic redshift and a very good quality spectra, it is a perfect sample to study the star formation history based on their spectroscopic features. We show that there the age of stellar population is depending on the stellar mass and the redshift. Our results show that lower mass galaxies have young stellar populations, while higher mass ETGs are populated with old stars. This suggest that marginal star formation occurs in massive galaxies. This result is consistent with the observations of the local Universe. Moreover, this trend of evolution is preserved for the different redshift range between 0:4 < z < 1:2.
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