The authors aim to present the collecting of in-situ spectral data for filling in a thematic database of Earth observation as a part of joint project. In-situ spectrometric measurements were made for acquiring spectral data of the rock samples during and after a field campaign in the selected test site. The selected test points are around the town of Novi Iskar where space test site “Novi Iskar” is established. The related land covers in the studied area will also be taken into account in the analysis of satellite images of the region. These in-situ measurements are part of an integrated system for remote sensing and ground-based observations and in line with Copernicus In-Situ Component. In-situ spectrometric measurements have potential for long-term practical application to verify data, which increases their accuracy. Filling in the thematic database for monitoring over test site with the collecting spectral and ancillary data leads to an optimal correlation between the different methods of studying the different types of land covers, increases the effectiveness of scientific investigations in the field of Earth remote sensing, creates synergy between different scientific fields and helps to share information between researchers from different areas of scientific and practical interest. The team is developing a data base structure which is going to be available through SRTI-BAS website. The data base is going to include information about specific spectral properties of the studied objects in the test site. This work is supported by “National Science Fund” in Bulgaria under Contract number KP-06-M27/2.
In this work a project for the implementation of remote sensing research activities for the acquisition of new knowledge and encouraging the participation of the PhD students of Remote Sensing Systems /RSS/ Department at SRTI-BAS in these activities is presented. The goal of the project is collecting data through spectral measurements for land cover monitoring in a selected test region in Bulgaria and create an open access spectral database. The first task of the work to collecting spectral measurements data is related to the methodology of acquiring in-situ spectral data of land covers in test site. Methodology follows the next steps of 1) collecting samples and additional information; 2) laboratory and field spectrometric measurements; 3) spectral data verification. For the implementation of the steps the test region is selected meeting the following requirements: i) Offers a wide variety of objects from the adopted nomenclature; ii) Has spectral data from Earth Observation device systems; iii) Has the possibility to perform regular measurements with available spectrometric systems. According to the described conditions the test region around the town of Novi Iskar is chosen. In CORINE Land Cover database for this area the presence of 12 classes of land covers has been verified which has to be characterized in detail on the basis of the received data. Each one will be recorded in the created database which is the next project task. This will allow the data received in the experiments to be considered reliable and representative. For monitoring purposes the data could be interpolated for larger areas with similar land covers to trace the dynamics of objects using spectral data.
In the presented work the team of PhD students and post-docs aim to collect spectral and petrophysical data for filling thematic database in Earth observation. The spectral data are result of performed laboratory spectrometric measurements of collected rock samples from a test site in Bulgaria. The petrophysical data are result of performed measurements of the petrophysical properties of the collected rock samples from the same test site. The main result of the project work is collect information for filling thematic spectral database in remote sensing monitoring of land covers in a selected test site in Bulgaria. This activity is also in line with the Copernicus of the EC. Filling the database with additional information about collected rock samples such as petrophysical data will lead to upgrading of the measurement methods and in monitoring of different types of land covers and the creation of interdisciplinarity in different fields geosciences and Earth observations. The results will increase efficiency of research investigations in remote sensing monitoring of land covers, synergy between different fields of science, and shared information.
Advancements in modern technologies, such as remote sensing systems and instruments have led to rapid developments in the field of Earth observation /EO/. As a result, enormous volumes of EO data with various spatial and spectral resolutions are obtained. However, the expected enhancements in the classification accuracy still have not been reached, due to the complexity of the remote sensing measurements and the big volume of data that need to be processed. The last leads to the necessity of development and improvement of methods and techniques for data obtaining and analysis. The methods include the validation multi-sensor systems, the processing technique of big data, and the object identification and classification methods for improving information quality through data fusion. To achieve correct information with highest accuracy in data analyzing and interpreting, researchers have to apply these methods and to create technologies for obtaining and integrating data from different Earth Observation Systems /EOS/. For gathering and using all of the information a local and regional EOS of Systems needs to be established. By creating such local EOS of Systems more extensive information could be collected, analyzed and retrieved. In this paper a local system is presented, focusing on the description of the ground component. The main sensors embedded in the system are spectrometers. The working range of the multi-sensor system is VIS-NIR-SWIR. Thus, by applying the data fusion methods, combining images and spectral information, a more accurate thematic interpretation is achieved. Example illustrating the benefits of a multisensor system data fusing is presented and discussed.
In Earth observations the reference spectra of well-described objects are required for better object-oriented interpretation of remotely sensed data from laboratory, field, airborne, and satellite sensors. For this purpose measurements of spectra using laboratory and field spectrometers are performed. The acquired spectra are used in creating a thematic spectral library. The used spectral instruments work in the wavelengths (0.4 to 2.5 microns) covering the spectral ranges from the visible /VIS/ to the shortwave infrared /SWIR/. Two different spectrometers are used to measure spectra included in the library: (1) Thematically oriented multichannel spectrometer covering the spectral range 0.4 to 0.9 microns and (2) high resolution NIRQuest spectrometer covering the range from 0.9 to 2.5 microns, both models of Ocean Optics Inc. Spectrometric measurements of representative samples of minerals, rocks, related soils, vegetation, and their natural mixtures are made in laboratory and field conditions. In some cases, samples were purified, so that the unique spectral characteristics of the studied objects could be related to their typical structure. The relations between the spectra and the structures are important for interpreting remotely sensed data acquired in the field or from an air- or space-borne platform. In some cases for making easy wide use of the spectra in the library the obtained spectra have to resample to selected broadband multispectral sensors for example those based on the satellites Landsat and Sentinel. The obtained spectral data with the metadata and additional information are planned for including in files for better interpretation of images with different spatial resolution.
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