Photo-mediated ultrasound therapy (PUT) is a novel antivascular therapeutic modality based on cavitation-induced bioeffects. During PUT, concurrent, synchronized laser pulses and ultrasound bursts are used to selectively and precisely remove the targeted microvessels without harming nearby tissue. In our current study, an integrated system combining PUT and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was developed, where the SD-OCT system was used to guide PUT by detecting cavitation in real time in the retina of the eye. The performance of the integrated system in treatment of choroidal microvessels was examined. The capability of detecting cavitation on a vascular-mimicking phantom was evaluated along with rabbit eyes in vivo. The findings indicate real-time OCT monitoring can improve the safety and efficiency of PUT in removing the retinal and choroidal microvasculature.
We have recently developed a novel, cavitation-based, highly selective anti-vascular technique, termed photo-mediated ultrasound therapy (PUT). In this study, the effectiveness and safety of PUT on cutaneous vascular malformation was examined through in vivo experiments in a clinically relevant chicken wattle model. The typical results showed perfusion stop of microvessel on OCT angiography and fade of the wattle color on skin imager after treatment. The safety is checked by H&E histology and immunohistochemistry evaluations include: CD31, Caspase-3, and Masson’s Trichrome (MTC) stains. The findings demonstrate that PUT can efficiently and safely remove hypervascular dermal capillaries by using laser fluence at a level which is orders of magnitude smaller than that used in conventional laser treatment of vascular lesions, thus offering a safer alternative technique for clinical management of cutaneous vascular malformations.
Cutaneous vascular malformations (CVM), such as port wine stain (PWS), often appear in highly visible parts of patient and cause emotional and social problems. In this work, we utilized our novel anti-vascular technique, termed photo-mediated ultrasound therapy (PUT), which combines nanosecond duration laser pulses synchronized with ultrasound bursts to treat blood vessels. The feasibility of PUT in the treatment of cutaneous microvessels was evaluated in a chicken wattle model in vivo. The treatment results showed perfusion stop in microvessels up to 1.5mm deep in chicken wattle, as demonstrated by both the OCT angiography and the color change in skin images after the treatment. The treatment effect and safety such as epidermal tissue damage and inflammation were also evaluated by H&E histology.
KEYWORDS: In vivo imaging, Nanowires, Optical coherence tomography, Luminescence, Optical tracking, Microscopy, Laser optics, Frequency modulation, Fermium, Regenerative medicine
We demonstrate that the lasing emission spectra of nanowire lasers internalized by progenitor retinal pigmented epithelial cells (RPE) can be exploited as unique “identifiers” to label each individual cell during long-time in vivo observation. Since nanowires could provide a 25 dB signal enhancement in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and green emission in fluorescence microscopy (FM), we utilized OCT and FM concurrently to track the 3D trajectories of RPE cells in rabbit retina in vivo migrating towards the laser-induced wounds. Our study confirms the feasibility of nanowire lasers as novel probes in single progenitor cell tracking, which could potentially facilitate the fundamental research in regenerative medicine.
We have developed a novel anti-vascular technique, termed photo-mediated ultrasound therapy (PUT), which utilizes nanosecond duration laser pulses synchronized with ultrasound bursts to remove microvasculature through cavitation. In this work, via the experiments in a rabbit ear model in vivo, the feasibility of PUT in the treatment of cutaneous microvessels was explored. Both the short-term effects and the long-term effects up to 4 weeks post-treatment were quantitatively assessed by measuring the perfusion rates of the vessels after treatment, showing that a single PUT treatment could significantly reduce blood perfusion. With unique advantages such as low laser fluence as compared with photothermolysis and agent-free treatment as compared with PDT, PUT holds potential to be developed into a new tool for the treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions.
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