Mr. Robert Early Profile

Robert Early

at Univ of Rochester

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Proceedings Article | 12 March 2024 Paper

Nanofabrication and inspection of fuel capsules for inertial confinement fusion

Y. F. Lu, A. F. Mao, X. Huang, P. Z. Li, P. X. Fan, H. Y. Dong, S. Fess, R. Early, D. Guy, M. Bonino, S. Regan, D. Harding

Proceedings Volume 12874, 1287402 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3010839

KEYWORDS: Polystyrene, Inspection, Fabrication, Target detection, Microscopy, Fusion energy, Nanofabrication, Imaging systems, Engineering

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3D nanofabrication via Two-Photon Polymerization (TPP) provides a unique capability of flexibly fabricating complex structures over 1D-3D dimensions and µm-cm scales with resolutions below 100 nm. In the past years, the Laser-Assisted Nano Engineering (LANE) Group at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) has been working closely with the Laboratory of Laser Energetics (LLE) in developing practical TPP approaches to fabricating various target structures for Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). At the same time, fuel capsules for ICF experiments should be inspected for surface and wall-embedded defects. Plastics materials [e.g., for example polystyrene (PS)] are the common materials used to make fuel capsules. However, during their manufacturing, capsules usually contain defects (vacuoles) embedded inside the shell walls, which may distort the implosion processes and influence the ICF performance of the capsules. The size of vacuoles is usually in a range from 100 to 2000 nm. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscope offers the capabilities of inspecting and characterizing the capsule defects. Moreover, cryo-CARS microscopy was developed to explore how fuel isotope distributed inside target when icing that could not be diagnosed before.

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