Dr. Ta-Chau Chang Profile

Dr. Ta-Chau Chang

Adjunct Professor at Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences-Academia Sinica

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Publications (7)

Proceedings Article | 26 February 2019 Presentation + Paper

Fluorescence of carbazole derivatives for screening of human cancer

Ting-Yuan Tseng, Wei-Wen Chen, I-Te Chu, Chiung-Lin Wang, Cheng-Chung Chang, Mei-Chun Lin, Pei-Jen Lou, Ta-Chau Chang

Proceedings Volume 10853, 108530L (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2509410

KEYWORDS: Cancer, Luminescence, Fluorescence lifetime imaging, Image analysis, Point-of-care devices, Diagnostics, Visualization, Molecules, Microscopy

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Proceedings Article | 9 March 2016 Paper

The effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the homeostasis of yolk lipoprotein in C. elegans examined by CARS and two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPE-F) microscopy

Wei-Wen Chen, Yung-Hsiang Yi, Cheng-Hao Chien, Kuei-Ching Hsiung, Yi-Chun Lin, Tian-Hsiang Ma, Szecheng Lo, Ta-Chau Chang

Proceedings Volume 9716, 97160G (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2210787

KEYWORDS: Optical imaging, Microscopy, Biology, Organisms, Animal model studies, Genetics, Two photon excitation microscopy, Raman scattering, Image analysis, Green fluorescent protein, Proteins, CARS tomography, Intestine, Signal detection, Molecules, Data modeling

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SPIE Journal Paper | 26 August 2013 Open Access

Lipid droplet pattern and nondroplet-like structure in two fat/i] mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans revealed by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy

Yung-Hsiang Yi, Cheng-Hao Chien, Wei-Wen Chen, Tian-Hsiang Ma, Kuan-Yu Liu, Yu-Sun Chang, Ta-Chau Chang, Szecheng Lo

JBO, Vol. 19, Issue 01, 011011, (August 2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JBO.19.1.011011

KEYWORDS: Microscopy, Uterus, Luminescence, Signal detection, CARS tomography, Green fluorescent protein, Organisms, Proteins, Mode conditioning cables, Visualization

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Lipid is an important energy source and essential component for plasma and organelle membranes in all kinds of cells. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy is a label-free and nonlinear optical technique that can be used to monitor the lipid distribution in live organisms. Here, we utilize CARS microscopy to investigate the pattern of lipid droplets in two live Caenorhabditis elegans mutants (fat-2 and fat-3). The CARS images showed a striking decrease in the size, number, and content of lipid droplets in the fat-2 mutant but a slight difference in the fat-3 mutant as compared with the wild-type worm. Moreover, a nondroplet-like structure with enhanced CARS signal was detected for the first time in the uterus of fat-2 and fat-3 mutants. In addition, transgenic fat-2 mutant expressing a GFP fusion protein of vitellogenin-2 (a yolk lipoprotein) revealed that the enhanced CARS signal colocalized with the GFP signal, which suggests that the nondroplet-like structure is primarily due to the accumulation of yolk lipoproteins. Together, this study implies that CARS microscopy is a potential tool to study the distribution of yolk lipoproteins, in addition to lipid droplets, in live animals.

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SPIE Journal Paper | 9 July 2013

Fluorescent probe for visualizing guanine-quadruplex DNA by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy

Ting-Yuan Tseng, Cheng-Hao Chien, Jen-Fei Chu, Wei-Chun Huang, Mei-Ying Lin, Cheng-Chung Chang, Ta-Chau Chang

JBO, Vol. 18, Issue 10, 101309, (July 2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JBO.18.10.101309

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Fluorescence lifetime imaging, Visualization, Microscopy, Silver, Absorption, Biomedical optics, Cancer, Confocal microscopy, In vitro testing

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The importance of guanine-quadruplex (G4) is not only in protecting the ends of chromosomes for human telomeres but also in regulating gene expression for several gene promoters. However, the existence of G4 structures in living cells is still in debate. A fluorescent probe, 3,6-bis(1-methyl-2-vinylpyridinium) carbazole diiodide (o-BMVC), for differentiating G4 structures from duplexes is characterized. o-BMVC has a large contrast in fluorescence decay time, binding affinity, and fluorescent intensity between G4 structures and duplexes, which makes it a good candidate for probing G4 DNA structures. The fluorescence decay time of o-BMVC upon interaction with G4 structures of telomeric G-rich sequences is ∼2.8 ns and that of interaction with the duplex structure of a calf thymus is ∼1.2 ns . By analyzing its fluorescence decay time and histogram, we were able to detect one G4 out of 1000 duplexes in vitro. Furthermore, by using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, we demonstrated an innovative methodology for visualizing the localization of G4 structures as well as mapping the localization of different G4 structures in living cells.

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SPIE Journal Paper | 3 December 2012

Investigation of lipid homeostasis in living Drosophila by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy

Cheng-Hao Chien, Wei-Wen Chen, June-Tai Wu, Ta-Chau Chang

JBO, Vol. 17, Issue 12, 126001, (December 2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JBO.17.12.126001

KEYWORDS: Microscopy, In vivo imaging, Mode conditioning cables, Tissues, CARS tomography, Proteins, Luminescence, Green fluorescent protein, Medicine, Animal model studies

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To improve our understanding of lipid metabolism, Drosophila is used as a model animal, and its lipid homeostasis is monitored by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy. We are able to achieve in vivo imaging of larval fat body (analogous to adipose tissue in mammals) and oenocytes (analogous to hepatocytes) in Drosophila larvae at subcellular level without any labeling. By overexpressing two lipid regulatory proteins-Brummer lipase (Bmm) and lipid storage droplet-2 (Lsd-2)-we found different phenotypes and responses under fed and starved conditions. Comparing with the control larva, we observed more lipid droplet accumulation by ∼twofold in oenocytes of fat-body-Bmm-overexpressing (FB-Bmm-overexpressing) mutant under fed condition, and less lipid by ∼fourfold in oenocytes of fat-body-Lsd-2-overexpressing (FB-Lsd-2-overexpressing) mutant under starved condition. Moreover, together with reduced size of lipid droplets, the lipid content in the fat body of FB-Bmm-overexpressing mutant decreases much faster than that of the control and FB-Lsd-2-overexpressing mutant during starvation. From long-term starvation assay, we found FB-Bmm-overexpressing mutant has a shorter lifespan, which can be attributed to faster consumption of lipid in its fat body. Our results demonstrate in vivo observations of direct influences of Bmm and Lsd-2 on lipid homeostasis in Drosophila larvae.

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Proceedings Article | 9 February 2012

In vivo monitoring specialized hepatocyte-like cells in Drosophila by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPE-F) microscopy

Cheng-Hao Chien, Wei-Wen Chen, June-Tai Wu, Ta-Chau Chang

Proceedings Volume 8226, 822624 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.909816

KEYWORDS: Microscopy, Mode conditioning cables, Tissues, In vivo imaging, Luminescence, CARS tomography, Visualization, Biomedical optics, Medicine, Sapphire lasers

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A group of specialized cells in Drosophila called oenocyte, sharing certain similar properties of hepatocytes in mammals, is known to play an important role in lipid metabolism. During starvation, the lipids are released from the fat body, and oenocytes then would accumulate lipid droplets and probably further oxidize them into shorter fatty acids chain as an energy source. Any genetic defect in lipid metabolism may result in different responses of oenocytes to starvation. To investigate this process in vivo, we used coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPE-F) microscopy to monitor oenocytes in living Drosophila larvae during starvation. We identified oenocytes by their intrinsic fluorescence and visualized lipid droplets by CARS signals at ~2845 cm^-1 without any labeling. Compared with the wild-type, mutants with defects in lipid metabolism show different accumulation of lipid droplets in oenocytes. While some mutant accumulates much less lipid droplets in oenocytes during starvation, some has many lipid droplets in oenocytes even though they were fed with plenty of foods. Unlike traditional tissue staining, in vivo imaging allows us to specifically monitor the changes in individual, and provides us more information on the dynamic process of lipid metabolism in Drosophila.

SPIE Journal Paper | 1 January 2011

Label-free imaging of Drosophila in vivo by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and two-photon excitation autofluorescence microscopy

Cheng-Hao Chien, Wei-Wen Chen, June-Tai Wu, Ta-Chau Chang

JBO, Vol. 16, Issue 1, 016012, (January 2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.3528642

KEYWORDS: In vivo imaging, Microscopy, CARS tomography, Tissues, Mode conditioning cables, Proteins, Genetics, Biology, Luminescence, Raman spectroscopy

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Drosophila is one of the most valuable model organisms for studying genetics and developmental biology. The fat body in Drosophila, which is analogous to the liver and adipose tissue in human, stores lipids that act as an energy source during its development. At the early stages of metamorphosis, the fat body remodeling occurs involving the dissociation of the fat body into individual fat cells. Here we introduce a combination of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and two-photon excitation autofluorescence (TPE-F) microscopy to achieve label-free imaging of Drosophila in vivo at larval and pupal stages. The strong CARS signal from lipids allows direct imaging of the larval fat body and pupal fat cells. In addition, the use of TPE-F microscopy allows the observation of other internal organs in the larva and autofluorescent globules in fat cells. During the dissociation of the fat body, the findings of the degradation of lipid droplets and an increase in autofluorescent globules indicate the consumption of lipids and the recruitment of proteins in fat cells. Through in vivo imaging and direct monitoring, CARS microscopy may help elucidate how metamorphosis is regulated and study the lipid metabolism in Drosophila.

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