Dr. Thomas P. Zielinski Profile

Dr. Thomas P. Zielinski

Optical Engineer at NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr

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Publications (12)

SPIE Journal Paper | 15 November 2023 Open Access

James Webb Space Telescope optical stability lessons learned for future great observatories

Lee Feinberg, Michael McElwain, Charles Bowers, John Johnston, Gary Mosier, Randy Kimble, Joshua Levi, Lightsey, Ball Aerospace, Boulder, Colorado, United States, J. Knight, Marcel Bluth, Alden Jurling, Marie Levine, D. Scott Acton, Charles Atkinson, Allison Barto, Matthew Bergkoetter, Gregory Brady, Larkin Carey, Lester Cohen, Laura Coyle, Bruce Dean, Michael Eisenhower, Nicolas Flagey, George Hartig, Keith Havey, Brian Hicks, Joseph Howard, Ritva Keski-Kuha, Charles-Philippe Lajoie, Matthew Lallo, Gary Matthews, Marcio Meléndez, Michael Menzel, Sang Park, Marshall Perrin, Laurent Pueyo, Lisbeth Quesnel, Paul Reynolds, Jane Rigby, Babak Saif, Christopher Stark, Randal Telfer, Scott Texter, Julie Van Campen, Begona Vila, Garrett West, Erin Wolf, Tony Whitman, Thomas Zielinski

JATIS, Vol. 10, Issue 01, 011204, (November 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JATIS.10.1.011204

KEYWORDS: James Webb Space Telescope, Telescopes, Inspection, Online learning, Observatories, Thermal stability, Temperature metrology, Design, Cryogenics, Interfaces

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Proceedings Article | 27 August 2022 Presentation + Paper

Commissioning the James Webb Space Telescope optical telescope element

Lee Feinberg, Erin Wolf, Scott Acton, Scott Knight, Matthew Lallo, Marshall Perrin, Paul Reynolds, Joseph Howard, Alden Jurling, Ritva Keski-Kuha, Tom Zielinski

Proceedings Volume 12180, 121800T (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2628626

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, James Webb Space Telescope, Telescopes, Optical components, Optical telescopes, Image segmentation, Actuators, Observatories, Wavefronts, Optical alignment

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Proceedings Article | 27 August 2022 Presentation + Paper

Phasing the Webb Telescope

D. Scott Acton, Scott Knight, Maria Carrasquilla, Nick Weiser, Michaela Masciarelli, Sarah Jurczyk, Greg Rapp, Julio Mueckay, Erin Wolf, Jess Murphy, Larkin Carey, Eric Coppock, Chanda Walker, Joel Runnels, Garrett West, Greg Wirth, Brian Hicks, Katie Melbourne, Michael Gordon, Bob Brown, Stefano Grimaldi, Derek Sabatke, Ray Wright, Laura Coyle, Taylor Chonis, Kevin Whiteaker, Marshall Perrin, Tom Comeau, Charles-Philippe Lajoie, George Hartig, Tracy Beck, Matt Lallo, Mike Regan, Randal Telfer, Marcio Meléndez, Greg Brady, Laurent Pueyo, Nicolas Flagey, Bernard Kulp, Ed Nelan, Kiera Brooks, Pierre Chayer, Shannon Osborne, Sherie Holfeltz, Tony Sohn, Tom Zielinski, Alden Jurling, Matt Bergkoetter, Chuck Bowers, Bruce Dean, Lee Feinberg, Ritva Keski-Kuha, Jeff Kirk, Michael McElwain, Joe Howard

Proceedings Volume 12180, 121800U (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2633474

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, James Webb Space Telescope, Mirrors, Wavefronts, Image processing, Actuators, Sensors, Phase retrieval

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Proceedings Article | 18 October 2016 Paper

Alignment of the James Webb Space Telescope Integrated Science Instrument Module Element

Theo Hadjimichael, Raymond Ohl, Scott Antonille, David Aronstein, Andrew Bartoszyk, Josh Berrier, Emmanuel Cofie, Phil Coulter, Renee Gracey, Joseph Hayden, Joseph Howard, Jason Hylan, David Kubalak, Kyle McLean, Cherie Miskey, Kevin Redman, Scott Rohrbach, Derek Sabatke, Randal Telfer, Greg Wenzel, Thomas Zielinski, Joseph Sullivan, George Hartig, William Eichhorn

Proceedings Volume 9951, 99510C (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238829

KEYWORDS: Optical alignment, James Webb Space Telescope, Cryogenics, Metrology, Virtual colonoscopy, Interfaces, Calibration, Computer aided design, Mirrors, Finite element methods

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Proceedings Article | 27 September 2016 Presentation + Paper

Optical testing and verification methods for the James Webb Space Telescope Integrated Science Instrument Module element

Scott Antonille, Cherie Miskey, Raymond Ohl, Scott Rohrbach, David Aronstein, Andrew Bartoszyk, Charles Bowers, Emmanuel Cofie, Nicholas Collins, Brian Comber, William Eichhorn, Alistair Glasse, Renee Gracey, George Hartig, Joseph Howard, Douglas Kelly, Randy Kimble, Jeffrey Kirk, David Kubalak, Wayne Landsman, Don Lindler, Eliot Malumuth, Michael Maszkiewicz, Marcia Rieke, Neil Rowlands, Derek Sabatke, Corbett Smith, J. Scott Smith, Joseph Sullivan, Randal Telfer, Maurice Te Plate, M. Begoña Vila, Gerry Warner, David Wright, Raymond Wright, Julia Zhou, Thomas Zielinski

Proceedings Volume 9951, 995105 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238838

KEYWORDS: James Webb Space Telescope, Optical components, Space telescopes, Optical testing, Sensors, Calibration, Data modeling, Human-machine interfaces, Error analysis, Analytical research

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Proceedings Article | 27 September 2016 Presentation + Paper

Critical science instrument alignment of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM)

Scott Rohrbach, David Kubalak, Renee Gracey, Derek Sabatke, Joseph Howard, Randal Telfer, Thomas Zielinski

Proceedings Volume 9951, 995106 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238825

KEYWORDS: James Webb Space Telescope, Silicon, Sensors, Aerospace engineering, Optical alignment, Mirrors, Error analysis, Metrology, Image segmentation, Coronagraphy

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Proceedings Article | 29 July 2016 Paper

Wavefront-error performance characterization for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) science instruments

David Aronstein, J. Smith, Thomas Zielinski, Randal Telfer, Severine Tournois, Dustin Moore, James Fienup

Proceedings Volume 9904, 990409 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233842

KEYWORDS: James Webb Space Telescope, Wavefronts, Monte Carlo methods, Space telescopes, Wavefront sensors, Aerospace engineering, Silicon, Sensors, Detection and tracking algorithms, Mirrors

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The science instruments (SIs) comprising the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) were tested in three cryogenic-vacuum test campaigns in the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC)'s Space Environment Simulator (SES) test chamber. In this paper, we describe the results of optical wavefront-error performance characterization of the SIs. The wavefront error is determined using image-based wavefront sensing, and the primary data used by this process are focus sweeps, a series of images recorded by the instrument under test in its as-used configuration, in which the focal plane is systematically changed from one image to the next. High-precision determination of the wavefront error also requires several sources of secondary data, including 1) spectrum, apodization, and wavefront-error characterization of the optical ground-support equipment (OGSE) illumination module, called the OTE Simulator (OSIM), 2) f/# and pupil-distortion measurements made using a pseudo-nonredundant mask (PNRM), and 3) pupil-geometry predictions for each SI field point tested, which are complicated because of a tricontagon-shaped outer perimeter and small holes that appear in the exit pupil due to the way that different light sources are injected into the optical path by the OGSE. One set of wavefront-error tests, for the coronagraphic channel of the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) Longwave instruments, was performed using data from transverse-translation diversity (TTD) sweeps instead of focus sweeps, in which a subaperture is translated and/or rotated across the exit pupil of the system from one image to the next. Several optical-performance requirements that were verified during this ISIM Element-level testing are levied on the uncertainties of various wavefront-error-related quantities rather than on the wavefront errors themselves. This paper also gives an overview of the methodology, based on Monte Carlo simulations of the wavefront-sensing analysis of focus-sweep data, used to establish the uncertainties of the wavefront-error maps.

Proceedings Article | 29 July 2016 Paper

Calibration results using highly aberrated images for aligning the JWST instruments to the telescope

Koby Smith, D. Scott Acton, Ben Gallagher, J. Scott Knight, Bruce Dean, Alden Jurling, Thomas Zielinski

Proceedings Volume 9904, 990442 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2232180

KEYWORDS: James Webb Space Telescope, Mirrors, Calibration, Phase retrieval, Adaptive optics, Point spread functions, Image processing, Metrology, Wavefronts, Charge-coupled devices

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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) project is an international collaboration led by NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Greenbelt, MD. JWST is NASA’s flagship observatory that will operate nearly a million miles away from Earth at the L2 Lagrange point. JWST’s optical design is a three-mirror anastigmat with four main optical components; 1) the eighteen Primary Mirror Segment Assemblies (PMSA), 2) a single Secondary Mirror Assembly (SMA), 3) an Aft-Optics Subsystem (AOS) consisting of a Tertiary Mirror and Fine Steering Mirror, and 4) an Integrated Science Instrument Module consisting of the various instruments for JWST. JWST’s optical system has been designed to accommodate a significant amount of alignment capability and risk with the PMSAs and SMA having rigid body motion available on-orbit just for alignment purposes. However, the Aft-Optics Subsystem (AOS) and Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) are essentially fixed optical subsystems within JWST, and therefore the cryogenic alignment of the AOS to the ISIM is critical to the optical performance and mission success of JWST.
In support of this cryogenic alignment of the AOS to ISIM, an array of fiber optic sources, known as the AOS Source Plate Assembly (ASPA), are placed near the intermediate image location of JWST (between the secondary and tertiary mirrors) during thermal vacuum ground-test operations. The AOS produces images of the ASPA fiber optic sources at the JWST focal surface location, where they are captured by the various science instruments. In this manner, the AOS provides an optical yardstick by which the instruments within ISIM can evaluate their relative positions to and the alignment of the AOS to ISIM can be quantified. However, since the ASPA is located at the intermediate image location of the JWST three-mirror anastigmat design, the images of these fiber optic sources produced by the AOS are highly aberrated with approximately 2-3μm RMS wavefront error consisting mostly of 3rd-order astigmatism and coma. This is because the elliptical tertiary mirror of the AOS is used off of its ideal foci locations without the compensating wavefront effects of the JWST primary and secondary mirrors. Therefore, the PSFs created are highly asymmetric with relatively complex structure and the centroid and encircled energy analyses traditionally used to locate images are not sufficient for ensuring the AOS to ISIM alignment.
A novel approach combining phase retrieval and spatial metrology was developed to both locate the images with respect to the AOS and provide calibration information for eventual AOS to ISIM alignment verification. During final JWST OTE and ISIM (OTIS) testing, only a single thru-focus image will be collected by the instruments. Therefore, tools and processes were developed to perform single-image phase retrieval on these highly aberrated images such that any single image of the ASPA source can provide calibrated knowledge of the instruments’ position relative to the AOS. This paper discusses the results of the methodology, hardware, and calibration performed to ensure that the AOS and ISIM are aligned within their respective tolerances at JWST OTIS testing.

Proceedings Article | 19 July 2016 Paper

Preparing for JWST wavefront sensing and control operations

Marshall Perrin, D. Scott Acton, Charles-Philippe Lajoie, J. Scott Knight, Matthew Lallo, Marsha Allen, Wayne Baggett, Elizabeth Barker, Thomas Comeau, Eric Coppock, Bruce Dean, George Hartig, William Hayden, Margaret Jordan, Alden Jurling, Trey Kulp, Joseph Long, Michael McElwain, Luis Meza, Edmund Nelan, Remi Soummer, John Stansberry, Christopher Stark, Randal Telfer, Andria Welsh, Thomas Zielinski, Neil Zimmerman

Proceedings Volume 9904, 99040F (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233104

KEYWORDS: James Webb Space Telescope, Wavefront sensors, Space telescopes, Observatories, Image segmentation, Stars, Point spread functions, Wavefronts, Space operations, Mirrors

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Proceedings Article | 21 September 2012 Paper

Qualification of a null lens using image-based phase retrieval

Matthew Bolcar, David Aronstein, Peter Hill, J. Scott Smith, Thomas Zielinski

Proceedings Volume 8442, 844251 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926231

KEYWORDS: Wavefronts, Sensors, Phase retrieval, Data modeling, Point spread functions, Wave propagation, Aspheric lenses, Light wave propagation, Monochromatic aberrations, Aspheric optics

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2011 Paper

Parallel-computing architecture for JWST wavefront-sensing and integrated modeling

J. Scott Smith, Bruce Dean, Alexander Rilee, Thomas Zielinski

Proceedings Volume 8336, 83360Y (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.920199

KEYWORDS: James Webb Space Telescope, Phase retrieval, Digital signal processing, Algorithm development, Integrated modeling, Wavefront sensors, Space telescopes, Computer architecture, Silicon, Commercial off the shelf technology

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Proceedings Article | 10 August 2010 Paper

False diamond turning artifacts in phase retrieval results

Thomas Zielinski, James Fienup

Proceedings Volume 7731, 773156 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857274

KEYWORDS: Phase retrieval, Metrology, Point spread functions, Wavefronts, Diamond turning, Vignetting, Error analysis, Sensors, Computer simulations, Optics manufacturing

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Showing 5 of 12 publications

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