Mr. Tyson J. Ririe Profile

Tyson J. Ririe

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 October 2011 Open Access

Retinal oximeter for the blue-green oximetry technique

Kurt Denninghoff, Lawrence DeLuca, Katarzyna Sieluzycka, Jennifer Hendryx, Tyson Ririe, Russell Chipman

JBO, Vol. 16, Issue 10, 107004, (October 2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.3638134

KEYWORDS: Eye, Blood, Oximetry, Oximeters, Light scattering, Calibration, Oxygen, Veins, Retina, Scattering

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Retinal oximetry offers potential for noninvasive assessment of central venous oxyhemoglobin saturation (SO2) via the retinal vessels but requires a calibrated accuracy of ±3% saturation in order to be clinically useful. Prior oximeter designs have been hampered by poor saturation calibration accuracy. We demonstrate that the blue-green oximetry (BGO) technique can provide accuracy within ±3% in swine when multiply scattered light from blood within a retinal vessel is isolated. A noninvasive on-axis scanning retinal oximeter (ROx-3) is constructed that generates a multiwavelength image in the range required for BGO. A field stop in the detection pathway is used in conjunction with an anticonfocal bisecting wire to remove specular vessel reflections and isolate multiply backscattered light from the blood column within a retinal vessel. This design is tested on an enucleated swine eye vessel and a retinal vein in a human volunteer with retinal SO2 measurements of ∼1 and ∼65%, respectively. These saturations, calculated using the calibration line from earlier work, are internally consistent with a standard error of the mean of ±2% SO2. The absolute measures are well within the expected saturation range for the site (-1 and 63%). This is the first demonstration of noninvasive on-axis BGO retinal oximetry.

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Proceedings Article | 10 September 2011 Paper

Spatio-temporal modulated polarimetry

Charles LaCasse, Tyson Ririe, Russell Chipman, J. Scott Tyo

Proceedings Volume 8160, 81600K (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.896068

KEYWORDS: Polarimetry, Modulation, Wave plates, Signal processing, Spatial resolution, Temporal resolution, Polarization, Video, Linear filtering, Statistical analysis

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Recently, a polarimetric data reduction technique has been developed that in the presence of a time varying signals and noise free measurement process can achieve an error free reconstruction provided that the signal was band limited. Error free reconstruction for such a signal is not possible using conventional data reduction methods. The new approach provides insight for processing arbitrary modulation schemes in space, time, and wavelength. Theory predicts that a polarimeter that employs a spatio-temporal modulation scheme may be able to use the high temporal resolution of a spatially modulated device combined with the high spatial resolution of a temporally modulated system to attain greater combined resolution capabilities than either modulation on scheme can produce alone. A polarimeter that contains both spatial and temporal modulation can be constructed (for example) by placing a rotating retarder in front of a micropolarizer array (microgrid). This study develops theory and analysis for the rotating retarder microgrid polarimeter to show how the available bandwidth for each channel is affected by additional dimensions of modulation and demonstrates a working polarimeter with a simulation of Stokes parameters that are band limited in both space and time with a noisy measurement process.

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