Chiral light-matter interactions have an extremely weak nature, are difficult to be controlled and enhanced, and cannot be made tunable. Here, we experimentally realize and theoretically verify spectrally tunable, extremely large, and broadband circular dichroism by designing new nanohelical metamaterial configurations (U. Kılıç et. al., Advanced Functional Materials 31(20), 2010329, 2021). The currently presented bottom-up fabricated hybrid helical metamaterials can be used in a plethora of diverse emerging classical and quantum optical applications, such as in the design of ultrathin polarization filters, chiral sensors, circular polarized single- or multi-photon radiation sources, and directional spin-dependent nanophotonic waveguides.
In this study, by using glancing angle deposition technique, subsequent and repeated depositions of silicon(Si) and silver(Ag) lead to nanometer-dimension chiral subsegments, and thereby, we successfully fabricated spatially coherent, highly porous, super lattice type helical heterostructure thin films. We theoretically and experimentally investigate the chiro-optical properties of this new type plasmonic metamaterial via finite element modeling calculations and Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry method, respectively. The systematic changes in the morphology of helical structures by incorporating the plasmonic subsegments reveal an extra-ordinary chiro-optical response with fine spectral tunability over the entire visible spectral range into the ultra-violet.
A fiber optic refractive index sensor based on Fabry-Perot interferometer formed by two Chirped Fiber Bragg Gratings on a seven-core fiber is successfully demonstrated. A small part of the fiber cladding is etched to expose the outer 6 cores to the ambient environment. While optical modes supported by the outer 6-cores are affected by both temperature and refractive index changes of the surrounding liquid, the optical mode in the central core is affected by the temperature changes only. Because only a small part of the cladding is removed, the sensor maintains excellent mechanical strength and stability.
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