Paraboloidal mirror surfaces transform plane wavefronts into spherical ones and vice versa. This allows us to perform an
interferometric measurement of its shape without the need of compensating optics or a CGH. From measurement's point
of view there are good preconditions to manufacture high accuracy paraboloidal surfaces.
On the other hand machining has to deal with the aspherical deviation to the best-fitting sphere. Depending on the
amount of this deviation and the material of the mirror, different machining technologies are applied to bring the surface
into paraboloidal shape. Off-axis paraboloids provide even more challenges in machining. There are two accepted
approaches for manufacturing off-axis precision paraboloids. One way is to figure and polish a rotationally symmetric
part with subsequent separating the off-axis elements from the parent paraboloid. On the other hand you can machine the
single parts right from the start. In this case the surface is a kind of freeform.
In this paper we discuss the manufacturing of on-axis and off-axis paraboloidal mirrors applying various methods.
Machining of aspheres represents an extra field in the manufacturing of optical components. The deviation from the sphere has a big impact on machining and testing equipment, tools and technologies, achievable specifications and costs. The production of aspheres deals with special problems such as mid-spatial frequency errors, centering tolerances and slopes, not known in that degree from manufacturing of spheres. Over the past 20 years JENOPTIK Laser, Optik, Systeme GmbH has gained a wide experience of this application area. Recent results give a review on what is required to execute the transition from standard quality to high-precision aspheres, off-axis parts and free forms.
Off-axis paraboloids provide sophisticated challenges in both machining and measuring. There are 2 accepted approaches for manufacturing off-axis paraboloids. In method one, a rotationally symmetrical part is shaped and polished with subsequent separating the off-axis elements from the block. On the other hand, one can machine the single parts right from the start. In this case the surface is kind of free-form. In this paper we report on the manufacturing of mirrors for both methods. Special attention is paid to machining and measuring. The fabrication process consists of iteration steps. The polishing step can remove the remaining shape error of the mirror surface itself or the wave front of the system.
The paper deals with challenges, solutions and results obtained by JENOPTIK Laser.Optik.Systeme GmbH (JO L.O.S.) while contriving and transferring knowledge gained in the field of manufacturing and testing high-end spherical and plan surfaces into manufacturing of complex optical surface shapes. During the last two years notable progress was made in the field of manufacturing optical components with constantly changing curvature and lack of symmetry by linking selected manufacturing equipment and testing methods to each other. We will show present results reached in industrial manufacturing of complex surface shapes on an accepted level of expanse.
A small distinction of some micron makes an awful difference between spheres and aspheres. It takes special technological equipment to manufacture and test aspheric optics. This equipment is clearly distinguished from that for classical optics manufacturing. This paper deals with equipment installed at JENOPTIK L.O.S. and give results based on serial manufacturing of aspheres.
A small distinction of some micron makes an awful difference between spheres and aspheres. It takes special technological equipment to manufacture and test aspheric optics. This equipment is clearly distinguished from that for classical optics manufacturing. This paper deals with equipment installed at JENOPTIK L.O.S. and give results based on serial manufacturing of aspheres.
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