Early and accurate detection of neoplastic changes remains a critical challenge in bladder cancer diagnosis and treatment. Using existing cystoscopy guided techniques, direct visualization of the tumor is limited to the surface of the bladder. Assessment of sub-surface three-dimensional (3D) tumor extension and sub-surface tumor margin is a challenge. In our study, we developed a laparoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging platform based on a rigid Gradient Index (GRIN) lenses (diameter ~ 4.5 mm) for imaging subsurface bladder tissues. Bladder tissues from UPII-SV40T mice models were imaged by this system ex vivo and algorithm was developed to quantify sub-surface tumor extension.
Early assessment of sub-surface bladder tumor extension is challenging as there are no acceptable imaging modalities to determine sub-surface three-dimensional (3D) tumor extension. Current existing cystoscopy guided transurethral resection technique is limited on direct visualization of tumor surface. In this paper, a multi-modal optical imaging modality combing high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) and depth-resolved high-sensitivity fluorescence laminar optical tomography (FLOT) for structural and molecular imaging was developed. Bladder tissues from UPII-SV40T mice model were imaged by the multi-modal system ex vivo and sub-surface tumor extension was reconstructed. Algorithm was developed to further quantified 3D bladder tumor morphology and molecular alterations.
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