Dr. Xiaolong Wang Profile

Dr. Xiaolong Wang

at EPFL

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Proceedings Article | 11 October 2017 Presentation

Multimode metasurfaces: from direct observation of the phase front to advanced optical functions (Conference Presentation)

Chen Yan, Xiaolong Wang, Kuang-Yu Yang, Luc Driencourt, T. V. Raziman, Olivier Martin

Proceedings Volume 10346, 103460U (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2272128

KEYWORDS: Near field optics, Optical components, Control systems, Plasmonics, Luminescence, Digital holography, Microscopy, Antennas, Optical communications, Signal processing

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Planar photonic metasurfaces, exhibiting artificial optical effects at the interface, are enabling a broad variety of possibilities as optical elements, communications, and signal processing. The signal we perceive from a metasurface is determined by the phases of the different nanostructures that compose the system. This phase controls the spatial radiation distribution following Huygens’principle and has been utilized in planar optical devices exhibiting negative refraction, cloaking, and holographic elements to name a few. In this presentation, we will first demonstrate the quantitative direct measurement of the phase front produced by a metasurface using digital holography microscopy. We will then show that by designing and tuning the multipolar components of the nanostructured building blocks, it is possible to also control the spectral response as well as the polarization state of the system. By composing a metasurface with such complex nanostructures fabricated in silver, we are able to control the scattered light and channel different colors into different directions. In the second series of experiments, we specifically study the multipolar radiation of a bianisotropic scatterer and use it for the efficient splitting of circularly polarized light, similar to a photonic spin Hall effect. Since the near-field enhancement and circularly polarized scattering in this case occur at the individual antenna level, this planar surface is capable of extracting the fluorescence and controlling the spin-polarized emission from nearby emitters, as will be demonstrated experimentally. These results have practical implications for controlling the optical activity and can potentially enable new polarization-dependent light-emitting devices for applications in imaging, optical communication, and optical displays.

Proceedings Article | 5 October 2015 Presentation

Fluorescence enhancement using Fano-resonant a plasmonic nanostructure with selective functionalization of molecules at the electromagnetic hot spot (Presentation Recording)

Xiaolong Wang, Olivier J. Martin

Proceedings Volume 9547, 95470V (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2188226

KEYWORDS: Plasmonics, Luminescence, Nanostructures, Molecules, Electromagnetism, Antennas, Silver, Resonance enhancement, Near field optics, Destructive interference

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In recent years, one has paid significant attention to plasmonic nanostructures due to their potential for practical applications. Especially, in most plasmonic nanostructures, the local density of optical states is strongly enhanced and confined in the nanogap region – like for example in plasmonic antennas – which results in the so-called electromagnetic hot spots. In this work, we use 4-nanorod structures made with silver to generate and tune Fano resonances exhibiting an asymmetric and narrow lineshape. In such a system, a strongly enhanced electromagnetic field is created in the nanogap when the two antenna modes undergo destructive interference, i.e. at the Fano resonance. The local near field is thus strongly enhanced since most of the energy is not radiated into the far field at that wavelength. We will show that using a 4-nanorod structure in silver, we can easily tune the Fano resonance through the fluorescence spectrum of the molecule under study, thus exploring the different resonance conditions between the molecule absorption/emission bands and the plasmonic nanostructure; both the excitation and emission rates of the molecule can be enhanced when it is placed within the hot spot. To this end, we have developed a double electron beam lithography process to fabricate the plasmonic nanostructures and then selectively immobilize the molecule in the hot spot, in order to investigate the fluorescence enhancement under well-controlled conditions. The fluorescence enhancement is demonstrated by measuring the fluorescence lifetime and the fluorescence count rate. The experimental results are supported by theoretical modelling and numerical calculations with the Green’s tensor method.

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