Smart functional fiber devices are indispensable for optical fiber based communication and sensing systems, in which the integration of fiber structure with smart semiconductor materials is essential. Among various choices, the colloidal quantum dot (CQD) is of great interests and its advantages includes: (a) the concentration of the photo-excited electrons can be relatively high due to the quantum confinement in the CQD, which means the refractive index of CQD could be altered with less power consumption; (b) CQD is a nanoscale dispersion solution thus the functional material can be deposited conformally on fiber, silicon chips or other complex structure surface; (c) CQD is a highly tunable material, and the chemical composition and operation wavelength can be specially designed for any wavelength window.
In this work, we developed a platform to deposit the CQD with fiber structures for smart sensing and communication applications. First, we construct optical fiber antennas for gas sensing, in which the CQD conformally coated on the fiber surface behave like olfactory receptors. The gas molecules adsorbed on the quantum dots change the local carrier concentration in quantum dot solids, which leads to a change in their refractive index. This interaction of gas molecules with quantum dots could be transformed into optical signals through the optical fiber antennae. Owing to the large surface area, highly tunable physical and chemical properties of colloidal quantum dots, combined with the versatile fiber microstructure, the optical fiber antennae with quantum dots offer a new degree of freedom to precise, real-time and large-scale gas monitoring. Second, by using the light-excited carriers in CQD, a light controlled fiber device has been achieved as a delayed interferometric comb filter. The transmission spectrum can be easily tailored by mW-scale optical power. This device was applied in a 50 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF) based communication system with 12.5 Gbs On-Off-Keying (OOK) direct modulation for chirp management and dispersion compensation to achieve the error-free transmission.
We propose and demonstrate 40Gb/s multifunctional all-optical logic gates based on single semiconductor optical
amplifier (SOA) and a blue shifted optical bandpass filter (OBF), suitable for both return-to-zero (RZ) and nonreturn-to-zero
(NRZ) format. The logic functions NOT, NOR and OR of RZ format are realized at the OBF detuning of -0.15nm, -
0.22nm, and -0.44nm, respectively. The logic functions NOT and NOR of NRZ format are realized at the OBF detuning
of -0.24nm. The measured ER is around 7dB and Q factor is over 6. Our scheme has the potential advantages of multilogic
functions, simple structure, and high tolerance to input pulsewidth.
We proposed, experimentally and theoretically demonstrated all-optical two line-four line encoder and two bit-wise
comparator of RZ data streams at 40Gb/s based on cross gain modulation (XGM) and four wave mixing (FWM) in
three parallel SOAs. Five logic functions for digital encoder and comparator between two signals A and B: A¯ B¯,
AB¯, AB¯, AB and A¯⊗¯B¯, were achieved simultaneously. The first three optical logics are realized based on XGM in
SOAs, the fourth is realized with FWM, and the fifth is the mixing result of the first and the fourth. A detuning filter is
employed to improve the output performance. The output extinction ratio (ER) for the XGM operation is above 10dB,
and the ER for FWM operation is around 8 dB. Wide and clear eye patterns for the five logic outputs can be observed.
The all optical digital encoder/comparator we demonstrated has advantages of simple structure, multifunctional optical
logic functions and high speed.
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