We present a low-loss Er 3+ -doped silicate microsphere laser, exploring its temperature sensing characteristics. We measure the threshold power of the Er 3+ -doped silicate glass microsphere laser under 980 nm pumping, achieving an impressively low value of 3.14 mW. Subsequently, in order to study the effect of temperature on the laser, the microsphere laser is placed into a temperature controller, and high-temperature sensitivity of 17.56 pm/℃ is obtained in the experiment. The proposed microsphere is significant for applications in lasing and temperature sensing, offering substantial advantages in terms of lower threshold power and heightened temperature sensitivity.
A tapered hollow annular core fiber (HACF) coupler for excitation of whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) of an embedded microsphere resonator is proposed and demonstrated. Using HACF as the coupling medium can avoid the complicated fabrication process such as chemical corrosion and improve the robustness and stability of the device. The coupling efficiency from the SMF to HACF is enhanced after tapering the joint section to excite various WGMs. In both theory and experiment, we observe symmetrical Lorentzian and asymmetric Fano line shapes by varying the microsphere resonator size and location. Finally, the temperature sensing sensitivity and stability of the device are tested. The sensitivity of the device reaches 10.8 pm/°C. This novel tapered HACF based microsphere resonator is expected to promote the environmental adaptability in the practical application.
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