In order to solve the problems of complexity and inefficiency in traditional processing modes of aspherical optical components, the paper designs a compound machine tool based on the gantry structure and capable of double-sided machining. The tool spindles on both sides can be modularly replaced according to the selected combination process, thus guarantee a certain degree of flexibility in processing. Firstly, the structure of the machine tool is designed and 3D modeled. After that, the stiffness models of the classical joints are analyzed, and the finite element analysis of the whole machine is carried out based on the virtual structure method. On the basis of structural design and simulation analysis, the mathematical model of the beam optimization problem is established, and the lightweight design of the beam is carried out by using the adaptive multi-objective method. The simulation results show that the design and analysis of the multi-axis optical compound machining machine tool is reasonable and effective.
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