Prof. Soojong Pak Profile

Prof. Soojong Pak

Professor

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Area of Expertise:

infrared instrumentation , wide-field infrared telescope , off-axis mirror fabrations , infrared spectroscopy

Websites:

Personal Website | Company Website

Profile Summary

Prof. Soojong Pak is an astronomer specialized in infrared instrumentation and observations. He is leading IR Lab in School of Space Research in Kyung Hee University.
IR Lab recently developed a new CCD camera, CQUEAN (CCD Camera for Quasar in EArly uNiverse) which was installed at the 2.1m telescope at the McDonald University in 2010 August. CQUEAN is optimized in 0.7 - 1.1 micron bands with a field of view of 4.7 X 4.7 arcmin. This instrument project is a part of works of Center for Exploration of Origin of the Universe The CQUEAN home page is on http://bigbang.snu.ac.kr/cquean.htm
IR Lab is also participating on the IGRINS (Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer) project and the GMTNIRS (Giant Magellan Telescope Near-InfraRed Spectrograph) together with the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute and the University of Texas.

Publications (35)

SPIE Journal Paper | 4 January 2024

Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer exposure time calculator for end-to-end simulator: to optimizing spectrograph design and observing simulation

Tae-Geun Ji, Jennifer Sobeck, Changgon Kim, Hojae Ahn, Mingyeong Yang, Taeeun Kim, Sungwook E. Hong, Kei Szeto, Jennifer L. Marshall, Christian Surace, Soojong Pak

JATIS, Vol. 10, Issue 01, 018001, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JATIS.10.1.018001

KEYWORDS: Equipment, Spectroscopy, Spectral resolution, Spectrographs, Lawrencium, Telescopes, Design, Software development, Near infrared, Device simulation

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Proceedings Article | 28 September 2023 Poster

Poster

Monolithic duplex layer aluminum mirror structure for low surface sag error

Jimin Han, Joong Kyu Ham, Geon Hee Kim, Bongkon Moon, Dae-Hee Lee, Soojong Pak

Proceedings Volume 12669, 126690J (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2676691

KEYWORDS: Mirror surfaces, Deformation, Aluminum mirrors, Mirror structures, Design and modelling, Mirrors, Ear, Aluminum, Telescopes, Structural analysis

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SPIE Journal Paper | 6 September 2023

Automatic spectrograph control software for SDSS-V Local Volume Mapper

Changgon Kim, José Sánchez-Gallego, Pavan Bilgi, Mingyeong Yang, Florian Briegel, Tae-Geun Ji, Nicholas P. Konidaris, Taeeun Kim, Hojae Ahn, Mingyu Jeon, Hyun Chul Park, Hye-In Lee, Cynthia S. Froning, Solange Ramirez, Niv Drory, Juna A. Kollmeier, Soojong Pak

JATIS, Vol. 9, Issue 03, 037002, (September 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JATIS.9.3.037002

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Control software, Software development, Charge-coupled devices, Camera shutters, Design and modelling, Control systems, Computer architecture, Data acquisition, Switches

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Proceedings Article | 14 June 2023 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Wide-wide linear astigmatism free-three mirror system (LAF-TMS) enabling wide field-of-view and spectral bandwidth detection

Changgon Kim, Dohoon Kim, Jimin Han, Seunghyuk Chang, Woojin Park, Daewook Kim, Jun Ho Lee, John Peterson, Dae-Hee Lee, Soojong Pak

Proceedings Volume 12530, 125300A (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2663309

KEYWORDS: Design and modelling, Point spread functions, Unmanned aerial vehicles, Monochromatic aberrations, Mirrors, Tunable filters, Optical design, Image filtering, Atmospheric optics, UAV imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 29 August 2022 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey cyberinfrastructure

José Sánchez-Gallego, Brian Cherinka, Joel Brownstein, John Donor, Conor Sayres, Hojae Ann, Changgon Kim, Juna Kollmeier, Nick Konidaris, Soojong Pak, Solange Ramírez, Shane Thomas, Stefanie Wachter, Mingyeong Yang, Lionel Zumarán

Proceedings Volume 12189, 1218906 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2629714

KEYWORDS: Software development, Observatories, Telescopes, Human-machine interfaces, Databases, Galactic astronomy, Astronomy, Data archive systems, Computer programming, Telecommunications

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Proceedings Article | 29 August 2022 Poster + Presentation + Paper

Poster + Presentation + Paper

Development of the spectrograph control software package for SDSS-Ⅴ Local Volume Mapper Instrument

Changgon Kim, José Sanchez-Gallego, Pavan Bilgi, Mingyeong Yang, Florian Briegel, Tae-Geun Ji, Nicholas P. Konidaris, Taeeun Kim, Hojae Ahn, Mingyu Jeon, Hyun Chul Park, Hye-In Lee, Cynthia S. Froning, Solange Ramirez, Niv Drory, Juna A. Kollmeier, Soojong Pak

Proceedings Volume 12189, 121890Z (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2627584

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Software development, Charge-coupled devices, Astronomy, Control systems, Camera shutters, Transducers, Galactic astronomy, Data acquisition, Computer architecture

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Proceedings Article | 29 August 2022 Poster + Paper

Poster + Paper

LVMECP: SDSS-V Local Volume Mapper Enclosure Control Package

Mingyeong Yang, Felipe Besser, José Sánchez-Gallego, Gyoik Kim, Changgon Kim, Hojae Ahn, Tae-Geun Ji, Nicholas P. Konidaris, Guillermo A. Blanc, Erika Cook, Cynthia S. Froning, Solange Ramirez, Niv Drory, Juna A. Kollmeier

Proceedings Volume 12189, 121892D (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2627651

KEYWORDS: Control systems, Telecommunications, Telescopes, Domes, Logic, Software development, Observatories, Computer programming

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Proceedings Article | 29 August 2022 Poster + Paper

Poster + Paper

An exposure time calculator for the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer

Tae-Geun Ji, Taeeun Kim, Changgon Kim, Hojae Ahn, Mingyeong Yang, Soojong Pak, Sungwook E. Hong, Jennifer E. Sobeck, Kei Szeto, Jennifer L. Marshall, Christian Surace

Proceedings Volume 12189, 121892N (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2629101

KEYWORDS: Spectral resolution, Signal to noise ratio, Spectroscopy, Optical fibers, Spectrographs, Data modeling, Telescopes, Software development, Lawrencium, Astronomy

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Proceedings Article | 29 August 2022 Poster + Paper

Poster + Paper

LVMAGP: SDSS-V local volume mapper acquisition and guiding package

Hojae Ahn, Florian Briegel, Mingyu Jeon, Tom Herbst, Sumin Lee, Inhwan Jung, Changgon Kim, Jimin Han, Geon Hee Kim, Wolfgang Gaessler, Markus Kuhlberg, Tae-Geun Ji, Hyun Chul Park, Soojong Pak, Nicholas P. Konidaris, Niv Drory, José Sanchez-Gallego, Cynthia S. Froning, Solange Ramirez, Juna A. Kollmeier

Proceedings Volume 12189, 121892E (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2628000

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Cameras, Mirrors, Device simulation, Control systems, Astronomy, Computer programming, Target acquisition, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 29 August 2022 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Construction, testing, and commissioning of the SDSS-V Local Volume Mapper telescope system

T. Herbst, Peter Bizenberger, Guillermo Blanc, Florian Briegel, Scott Case, Niv Drory, Tobias Feger, Cynthia Froning, Wolfgang Gaessler, Maximilian Häberle, Anthony Hebert, Juna Kollmeier, Nicholas Konidaris, Markus Kuhlberg, Alicia Lanz, Richard Mathar, Lars Mohr, Soojong Pak, Solange Ramírez, Christopher Ritz, Ralf-Rainer Rohloff, José Sánchez-Gallego, Paula Stępień, Stefanie Wachter, Ross Zhelem, Dmitry Bizyaev

Proceedings Volume 12182, 121821Q (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2629354

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Silver, Optical benches, Mirrors, Objectives, Cameras, Calibration, Microscopes, Staring arrays, Spectrographs

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Proceedings Article | 14 December 2020 Poster + Paper

Poster + Paper

Development of SQUEAN software system (SED camera for the QUasars in EArly uNiverse)

Hye-In Lee, Tae-Geun Ji, Soojong Pak, Won-Kee Park, Myungshin Im

Proceedings Volume 11452, 1145227 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2561200

KEYWORDS: Software development, Surface conduction electron emitter displays, Cameras, Imaging systems, Telescopes, Process control, Observatories, Optical filters, Gamma radiation, Active galactic nuclei

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Proceedings Article | 13 December 2020 Poster + Paper

Poster + Paper

Optical sensitivity analyses of various reflective systems: on-axis, common off-axis, and confocal off-axis designs

Woojin Park, Soojong Pak, Seunghyuk Chang, Hanshin Lee, Sunwoo Lee, Dae Wook Kim

Proceedings Volume 11451, 114513X (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2559340

KEYWORDS: Confocal microscopy, Reflectivity, Active optics, Tolerancing, Optical design, Telescopes, Statistical analysis, Monochromatic aberrations, Off axis mirrors, Mirrors

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Proceedings Article | 13 December 2020 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

The SDSS-V local volume mapper telescope system

T. Herbst, Pavaman Bilgi, Peter Bizenberger, Guillermo Blanc, Florian Briegel, Scott Case, Niv Drory, Tobias Feger, Cynthia Froning, Wolfgang Gaessler, Anthony Hebert, Nicholas Konidaris, Alicia Lanz, Lars Mohr, Soojong Pak, Solange Ramírez, Ralf-Rainer Rohloff, José Sánchez-Gallego, Stefanie Wachter

Proceedings Volume 11445, 114450J (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2561419

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Calibration, Spectrographs, Lanthanum, Spatial resolution, Optical instrument design, Observatories, Spectral resolution, Galactic astronomy, Sun

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The Sloan Digital Sky Survey V (SDSS-V) is an all-sky spectroscopic survey of <6 million objects, designed to decode the history of the Milky Way, reveal the inner workings of stars, investigate the origin of solar systems, and track the growth of supermassive black holes across the Universe. The Local Volume Mapper (LVM) is one of three surveys that form SDSS-V. LVM will employ a coordinated system of four telescopes feeding three fiber spectrographs at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. The goal is to map approximately 2500 square degrees of the Galactic plane over the wavelength range 360-980 nm with R~4000 spectral resolution. These observations will reveal for the first time how distinct gaseous environments within the Galaxy interact with each other and with the stellar population, producing the large-scale interstellar medium that we observe. Accurately mapping and calibrating a substantial portion of the sky at this spatial resolution requires a unique type of telescope system. Each of the four LVM telescopes has a diameter of 16 cm, making them considerably smaller and lighter than the instruments they feed. One telescope will host the science IFU containing ~1800 fibers arranged in a close-packed hexagon. Two additional Calibration telescopes will observe fields adjacent to the science IFU, in order to calibrate out terrestrial airglow and other geo-coronal emission. The fourth, Spectrophotometric telescope will make rapid observations of bright stars (typically 12 during a single IFU / Calibration exposure) to correct for telluric absorption lines and overall extinction. The fibers from all three types of telescope will be interspersed in the entrance slits of the spectrographs, allowing for simultaneous science and calibration exposures. Although considerably smaller than the next generation of giants, the LVM telescopes must also operate close to the limits of physical optics, and the geometry and scope of the LVM survey present unique challenges. For example, with this type of telescope at the Las Campanas site, the effects of optical aberrations, diffraction, seeing, and (uncorrected) atmospheric dispersion are all of comparable scale. This, coupled with the need for repeated and reliable measurements over years, leads to some unconventional design choices. This paper presents the preliminary design of the LVM telescope system and discusses the requirements and tradeoffs that led to the baseline choices.

Proceedings Article | 13 December 2020 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

SDSS-V local volume mapper instrument: overview and status

Nicholas Konidaris, Niv Drory, Cynthia Froning, Anthony Hebert, Pavan Bilgi, Guillermo Blanc, Alicia Lanz, Charles Hull, Juna Kollmeier, Solange Ramirez, Stefanie Wachter, Kathryn Kreckel, Soojong Pak, Eric Pellegrini, Andrés Almeida, Scott Case, Ross Zhelem, Tobas Feger, Jon Lawrence, Michael Lesser, Tom Herbst, José Sanchez-Gallego, Matthew Bershady, Sabyasachi Chattopadhyay, Andrew Hauser, Michael Smith, Marsha Wolf, Renbin Yan

Proceedings Volume 11447, 1144718 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2557565

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Spectrographs, Spectroscopes, Stars, Solar system, Lanthanum, Observatories, Clouds, Spectral resolution, Atmospheric sciences

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Proceedings Article | 13 December 2020 Poster + Paper

Poster + Paper

Camera articulation prototype of the Giant Magellan Telescope Multi-object Astronomical and Cosmological Spectrograph (GMACS)

Tae-Geun Ji, Erika Cook, Soojong Pak, Evan Kelly, Leonardo Bush, Leonardo Barba, Jeffrey Mason, Hye-In Lee, Darren DePoy, Jennifer Marshall, Nat Butler, Daniel Faes, Cynthia Froning, Johnathan Gamaunt, Damien Jones, Philip Mauskopf, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Casey Papovich, Travis Prochaska, Rafael A. Ribeiro, Luke Schmidt, Paul Scowen, Aline Souza, Keith Taylor, Antonio Braulio Neto, Priscila Pires

Proceedings Volume 11452, 1145224 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2561237

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Prototyping, Astronomical imaging, Astronomical telescopes, Telescopes, Spectrographs, Astronomy, Control systems, Optical design, Computer programming

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Proceedings Article | 20 September 2020 Poster + Presentation + Paper

Poster + Presentation + Paper

Tolerance analysis of wide field of view confocal off-axis telescope system using freeform mirrors for common optics MWIR/LWIR sensors onboard UAVs: linear astigmatism free three mirror system D70F1.4

Jimin Han, Woojin Park, Seunghyuk Chang, Sunwoo Lee, Hojae Ahn, Dae Wook Kim, Geon Hee Kim, Dae-Hee Lee, Hanshin Lee, Soojong Pak

Proceedings Volume 11537, 115370R (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2573698

KEYWORDS: Tolerancing, Mirrors, Off axis mirrors, Telescopes, Monochromatic aberrations, Confocal microscopy, Sensors, Freeform optics, Unmanned aerial vehicles, Infrared telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 3 January 2020 Paper

Paper

Giant Magellan Telescope Multi-object Astronomical and Cosmological Spectrograph (GMACS): conceptual design

Soojong Pak, Darren DePoy, Jennifer Marshall, Luke Schmidt, Casey Papovich, Cynthia Froning, D. Faes, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, A. Souza, Rafael Ribeiro, Keith Taylor, Damien Jones, Travis Prochaska, Erika Cook, Hye-In Lee, Tae-Geun Ji, Paul Scowen

Proceedings Volume 11203, 1120308 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2547889

KEYWORDS: James Webb Space Telescope, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Optical spectroscopy, Large telescopes, Optical resolution, Telescopes, Spectrographs, Astronomical telescopes, Astronomical imaging, Astronomy

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Proceedings Article | 5 November 2018 Paper

Paper

Stray light suppression of a compact off-axis telescope for a satellite-borne instrument for atmospheric research

Arvid Hammar, Ole Martin Christensen, Woojin Park, Soojong Pak, Anders Emrich, Jan Stake

Proceedings Volume 10815, 108150F (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2500555

KEYWORDS: Stray light, Instrument modeling, Satellites, Device simulation, Mirrors, Telescopes, Beam splitters, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 13 July 2018 Paper

Paper

Electronics prototypes for the Giant Magellan telescope multi-object astronomical and cosmological spectrograph (GMACS)

Erika Cook, Travis Prochaska, Hye-In Lee, Tae-Geun Ji, Soojong Pak, D. DePoy, J. Marshall, Luke Schmidt, Daniel Faes, Cynthia Froning, Damien Jones, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Casey Papovich, Rafael A. Ribeiro, Aline Souza, Keith Taylor

Proceedings Volume 10702, 107029Z (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2313921

KEYWORDS: Prototyping, Sensors, Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, Cameras, Telescopes, Actuators, Astronomical imaging, Electronics, Astronomy, Spectrographs

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Proceedings Article | 12 July 2018 Paper

Paper

The optical design for the Giant Magellan Telescope Multi-object Astronomical and Cosmological Spectrograph (GMACS)

Rafael A.S. Ribeiro, Luke Schmidt, Damien Jones, Keith Taylor, Travis Prochaska, Erika Cook, Darren DePoy, Daniel Faes, Cynthia Froning, Tae-Geun Ji, Hye-In Lee, Jennifer Marshall, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Soojong Pak, Casey Papovich, Aline Souza

Proceedings Volume 10702, 107029B (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2312814

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Collimators, Spectrographs, Sensors, Telescopes, Optical design, Mirrors, Astronomical imaging, Astronomy, Spectral resolution

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Proceedings Article | 10 July 2018 Paper

Paper

Systems engineering applied to ELT instrumentation: the GMACS case

D. Faes, A. Souza, C. Froning, L. Schmidt, D. Bortoletto, E. Cook, D. DePoy, T.-G. Ji, D. Jones, H.-I. Lee, J. Marshall, C. Oliveira, S. Pak, C. Papovich, T. Prochaska, R. Ribeiro, K. Taylor

Proceedings Volume 10705, 107051A (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2311352

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Systems engineering, Spectrographs, Interfaces, Observatories, Astronomy, Astronomical imaging, Space telescopes, Adaptive optics

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Proceedings Article | 8 July 2018 Paper

Paper

The optomechanical design of the Giant Magellan telescope multi-object astronomical and cosmological spectrograph (GMACS)

Travis Prochaska, Caron Albert, James Beck, Erika Cook, D. DePoy, Daniel Faes, Cynthia Froning, Walter Grant, Isaac Gutierrez, Tae-Geun Ji, Damien Jones, Hye-In Lee, Jennifer Marshall, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Soojong Pak, Casey Papovich, Rafael Ribeiro, Marcus Sauseda, Luke Schmidt, Aline Souza, Keith Taylor, Darius Williams

Proceedings Volume 10702, 107029Y (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2313829

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Telescopes, Spectrographs, Astronomical imaging, Actuators, Sensors, Astronomy, Collimators, Astronomical telescopes, Space telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

GMACS: a wide-field, moderate-resolution spectrograph for the Giant Magellan Telescope

D. DePoy, Luke Schmidt, Rafael Ribeiro, Keith Taylor, Damien Jones, Travis Prochaska, Jennifer Marshall, Erika Cook, Cynthia Froning, Tae-Geun Ji, Hye-In Lee, D. Faes, A. Souza, D. Bortoletto, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Soojong Pak, Casey Papovich

Proceedings Volume 10702, 107021X (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2313940

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Telescopes, Space telescopes, Optical fibers, Astronomy, Astronomical telescopes, Astronomical imaging, Optical design, Physics, Optical resolution

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Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

IGRINS at the Discovery Channel Telescope and Gemini South

Gregory Mace, Kimberly Sokal, Jae-Joon Lee, Heeyoung Oh, Chan Park, Hanshin Lee, John Good, Phillip MacQueen, Jae Sok Oh, Kyle Kaplan , Ben Kidder, Moo-Young Chun, In-Soo Yuk , Ueejeong Jeong, Soojong Pak, Kang-Min Kim, Jakyoung Nah, Sungho Lee, Young-Sam Yu, Narae Hwang, Byeong-Gon Park, Hwihyun Kim, Brian Chinn, Alison Peck, Ruben Diaz, Rene Rutten, Lisa Prato, George Jacoby, Frank Cornelius, Ben Hardesty, William DeGroff, Edward Dunham, Stephen Levine, Larissa Nofi, Ricardo Lopez-Valdivia, Alycia Weinberger, Daniel Jaffe

Proceedings Volume 10702, 107020Q (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2312345

KEYWORDS: Gemini Observatory, Telescopes, Observatories, Space telescopes, Astronomy, K band, Spectrographs, Stars, Electronics, Infrared spectroscopy

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The Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer (IGRINS) was designed for high-throughput with the expectation of being a visitor instrument at progressively larger observing facilities. IGRINS achieves R∼45000 and > 20,000 resolution elements spanning the H and K bands (1.45-2.5μm) by employing a silicon immersion grating as the primary disperser and volume-phase holographic gratings as cross-dispersers. After commissioning on the 2.7 meter Harlan J. Smith Telescope at McDonald Observatory, the instrument had more than 350 scheduled nights in the first two years. With a fixed format echellogram and no cryogenic mechanisms, spectra produced by IGRINS at different facilities have nearly identical formats. The first host facility for IGRINS was Lowell Observatory’s 4.3-meter Discovery Channel Telescope (DCT). For the DCT a three-element fore-optic assembly was designed to be mounted in front of the cryostat window and convert the f/6.1 telescope beam to the f/8.8 beam required by the default IGRINS input optics. The larger collecting area and more reliable pointing and tracking of the DCT improved the faint limit of IGRINS, relative to the McDonald 2.7-meter, by ∼1 magnitude. The Gemini South 8.1-meter telescope was the second facility for IGRINS to visit. The focal ratio for Gemini is f/16, which required a swap of the four-element input optics assembly inside the IGRINS cryostat. At Gemini, observers have access to many southern-sky targets and an additional gain of ∼1.5 magnitudes compared to IGRINS at the DCT. Additional adjustments to IGRINS include instrument mounts for each facility, a glycol cooled electronics rack, and software modifications. Here we present instrument modifications, report on the success and challenges of being a visitor instrument, and highlight the science output of the instrument after four years and 699 nights on sky. The successful design and adaptation of IGRINS for various facilities make it a reliable forerunner for GMTNIRS, which we now anticipate commissioning on one of the 6.5 meter Magellan telescopes prior to the completion of the Giant Magellan Telescope.

Proceedings Article | 5 June 2018 Paper

Paper

Optical design for the Giant Magellan Telescope Multi-object Astronomical and Cosmological Spectrograph (GMACS): design methodology, issues, and trade-offs

Rafael A.S. Ribeiro, Damein Jones, Luke Schmidt, Keith Taylor, Erika Cook, Darren DePoy, Daniel Faes, Cynthia Froning, Tae-Geun Ji, Hye-In Lee, Jennifer Marshall, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Soojong Pak, Casey Papovich, Travis Prochaska, Aline Souza

Proceedings Volume 10690, 106902S (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2313528

KEYWORDS: Collimators, Cameras, Spectrographs, Glasses, Telescopes, Optical design, Spectral resolution

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Proceedings Article | 9 August 2016 Paper

Paper

Optomechanical design concept for the Giant Magellan Telescope Multi-object Astronomical and Cosmological Spectrograph (GMACS)

Travis Prochaska, Marcus Sauseda, James Beck, Luke Schmidt, Erika Cook, Darren DePoy, Jennifer Marshall, Rafael Ribeiro, Keith Taylor, Damien Jones, Cynthia Froning, Soojong Pak, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Casey Papovich, Tae-Geun Ji, Hye-In Lee

Proceedings Volume 9908, 9908A3 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233530

KEYWORDS: Astronomical imaging, Spectrographs, Telescopes, Astronomy, Cameras, Space telescopes, Actuators, Optical filters, CCD cameras, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 9 August 2016 Paper

Paper

GMTNIRS: progress toward the Giant Magellan Telescope near-infrared spectrograph

Daniel Jaffe, Stuart Barnes, Cynthia Brooks, Hanshin Lee, Gregory Mace, Soojong Pak, Byeong-Gon Park, Chan Park

Proceedings Volume 9908, 990821 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2232994

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Infrared radiation, Infrared spectroscopy, Spectrographs, Silicon, K band, Cameras, Spectral resolution, Space telescopes, Signal to noise ratio

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Proceedings Article | 9 August 2016 Paper

Paper

Optical design concept for the Giant Magellan Telescope Multi-object Astronomical and Cosmological Spectrograph (GMACS)

Luke Schmidt, Rafael Ribeiro, Keith Taylor, Damien Jones, Travis Prochaska, Darren DePoy, Jennifer Marshall, Erika Cook, Cynthia Froning, Tae-Geun Ji, Hye-In Lee, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Soojong Pak, Casey Papovich

Proceedings Volume 9908, 9908A4 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233543

KEYWORDS: Optical design, Telescopes, Spectrographs, Optical design, Telescopes, Sensors, Cameras, Glasses, Collimators, Imaging systems, CCD image sensors, Space telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 3 August 2016 Paper

Paper

300 nights of science with IGRINS at McDonald Observatory

Gregory Mace, Hwihyun Kim, Daniel Jaffe, Chan Park, Jae-Joon Lee, Kyle Kaplan, Young Sam Yu, In-Soo Yuk, Moo-Young Chun, Soojong Pak, Kang-Min Kim, Jeong-Eun Lee, Christopher Sneden, Melike Afsar, Michael Pavel, Hanshin Lee, Heeyoung Oh, Ueejeong Jeong, Sunkyung Park, Benjamin Kidder, Hye-In Lee, Huynh Anh Nguyen Le, Jacob McLane, Michael Gully-Santiago, Jae Sok Oh, Sungho Lee, Narae Hwang, Byeong-Gon Park

Proceedings Volume 9908, 99080C (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2232780

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Infrared spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Observatories, Stars, Silicon, Spectrographs, Sensors, K band, Electronics, Spectral resolution

Read Abstract +

The Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrometer (IGRINS) is a revolutionary instrument that exploits broad spectral coverage at high-resolution in the near-infrared. IGRINS employs a silicon immersion grating as the primary disperser, and volume-phase holographic gratings cross-disperse the H and K bands onto Teledyne Hawaii-2RG arrays. The use of an immersion grating facilitates a compact cryostat while providing simultaneous wavelength coverage from 1.45 - 2.5 μm. There are no cryogenic mechanisms in IGRINS and its high-throughput design maximizes sensitivity. IGRINS on the 2.7 meter Harlan J. Smith Telescope at McDonald Observatory is nearly as sensitive as CRIRES at the 8 meter Very Large Telescope. However, IGRINS at R≈45,000 has more than 30 times the spectral grasp of CRIRES* in a single exposure. Here we summarize the performance of IGRINS from the first 300 nights of science since commissioning in summer 2014. IGRINS observers have targeted solar system objects like Pluto and Ceres, comets, nearby young stars, star forming regions like Taurus and Ophiuchus, the interstellar medium, photo dissociation regions, the Galactic Center, planetary nebulae, galaxy cores and super novae. The rich near-infrared spectra of these objects motivate unique science cases, and provide information on instrument performance. There are more than ten submitted IGRINS papers and dozens more in preparation. With IGRINS on a 2.7m telescope we realize signal-to-noise ratios greater than 100 for K=10.3 magnitude sources in one hour of exposure time. Although IGRINS is Cassegrain mounted, instrument flexure is sub-pixel thanks to the compact design. Detector characteristics and stability have been tested regularly, allowing us to adjust the instrument operation and improve science quality. A wide variety of science programs motivate new tools for analyzing high-resolution spectra including multiplexed spectral extraction, atmospheric model fitting, rotation and radial velocity, unique line identification, and circumstellar disk modeling. Here we discuss details of instrument performance, summarize early science results, and show the characteristics of IGRINS as a versatile near-infrared spectrograph and forerunner of future silicon immersion grating spectrographs like iSHELL² and GMTNIRS.³

Proceedings Article | 28 July 2014 Paper

Paper

GMTNIRS (Giant Magellan Telescope Near-Infrared Spectrograph): optimizing the design for maximum science productivity and minimum risk

Daniel Jaffe, Stuart Barnes, Cynthia Brooks, Michael Gully-Santiago, Soojong Pak, Chan Park, Insoo Yuk

Proceedings Volume 9147, 914722 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2057084

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Telescopes, Optical design, Adaptive optics, Space telescopes, Sensors, Silicon, Neodymium, Optical instrument design, Astronomy

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Proceedings Article | 8 July 2014 Paper

Paper

Design and early performance of IGRINS (Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrometer)

Chan Park, Daniel Jaffe, In-Soo Yuk, Moo-Young Chun, Soojong Pak, Kang-Min Kim, Michael Pavel, Hanshin Lee, Heeyoung Oh, Ueejeong Jeong, Chae Kyung Sim, Hye-In Lee, Huynh Anh Nguyen Le, Joseph Strubhar, Michael Gully-Santiago, Jae Sok Oh, Sang-Mok Cha, Bongkon Moon, Kwijong Park, Cynthia Brooks, Kyeongyeon Ko, Jeong-Yeol Han, Jakyoung Nah, Peter Hill, Sungho Lee, Stuart Barnes, Young Sam Yu, Kyle Kaplan, Gregory Mace, Hwihyun Kim, Jae-Joon Lee, Narae Hwang, Byeong-Gon Park

Proceedings Volume 9147, 91471D (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2056431

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Spectrographs, Cameras, K band, Spectral resolution, Infrared spectroscopy, Cryogenics, Mirrors, Optical design, Telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 18 December 2012 Paper

Paper

Alignment based on a no adjustment philosophy for the Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrometer (IGRINS)

Jeong-Yeol Han, In-Soo Yuk, Kyeongyeon Ko, Heeyoung Oh, Jakyoung Nah, Jae Sok Oh, Chan Park, Sungho Lee, Kang-Min Kim, Moo-Young Chun, Daniel Jaffe, Soojong Pak, Michael Gully-Santiago

Proceedings Volume 8550, 85501B (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.981169

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Infrared radiation, Spherical lenses, Infrared spectroscopy, Temperature metrology, Refractive index, Infrared imaging, Spectroscopy, Cameras, Interferometers

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Proceedings Article | 15 July 2010 Paper

Paper

GMTNIRS (Giant Magellan Telescope near-infrared spectrograph): design concept

Sungho Lee, In-Soo Yuk, Hanshin Lee, Weisong Wang, Chan Park, Kwi-Jong Park, Moo-Young Chun, Soojong Pak, Joseph Strubhar, Casey Deen, Michael Gully-Santiago, Jared Rand, Haingja Seo, Jungmi Kwon, Heeyoung Oh, Stuart Barnes, John Lacy, John Goertz, Won-Kee Park, Tae-Soo Pyo, Daniel Jaffe

Proceedings Volume 7735, 77352K (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857630

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Sensors, Silicon, Adaptive optics, Cameras, Telescopes, Spectral resolution, Space telescopes, Stars, Diffraction gratings

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Proceedings Article | 28 June 2006 Paper

Paper

KASINICS: KASI Near-Infrared Camera System

Sang-Mok Cha, Ho Jin, In-Soo Yuk, Sungho Lee, Uk-Won Nam, Bongkon Moon, Seungwon Mock, Jeong-Yeol Han, Dea-Hee Lee, Jang-Hyun Park, Jae-Mann Kyeong, Soojong Pak, Geon-Hee Kim, Chun-Hwey Kim

Proceedings Volume 6269, 62694W (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.669903

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Telescopes, Mirrors, Cameras, Imaging systems, Space telescopes, Astronomy, Electronics, Near infrared, Infrared cameras

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Proceedings Article | 27 June 2006 Paper

Paper

Development of the readout controller for KASINICS

Seoung-hyun Cho, Ho Jin, Uk-Won Nam, Sungho Lee, Kyung-Nam Kong, In-Soo Yuk, Youngsik Park, Soojong Pak, Wonyong Han, Sungsoo Kim

Proceedings Volume 6269, 62695Y (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.669636

KEYWORDS: Digital signal processing, Clocks, Video, Sensors, Astronomy, Space telescopes, Field programmable gate arrays, Interfaces, Readout integrated circuits, Cameras

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Showing 5 of 35 publications

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