Infrared Imaging Using Nonlinear Optical Upconversion

Kamala S. Krishnan; John S. Ostrem; Eddie A. Stappaerts

doi:10.1117/12.955787

20 October 1977 Infrared Imaging Using Nonlinear Optical Upconversion

Kamala S. Krishnan, John S. Ostrem, Eddie A. Stappaerts

Proceedings Volume 0122, Advances in Laser Engineering I; (1977) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.955787
Event: 21st Annual Technical Symposium, 1977, San Diego, United States

Abstract

This paper presents the phenomenology of different approaches to the frequency-shifting (upconversion) of infrared radiation into the visible and discusses the practical aspects of designing systems to up-convert IR images. The recently discovered process of upconverting infrared radiation into the visible or the ultraviolet using two-photon-pumped alkali-metal vapors and the more familiar method of frequency-mixing using single-photon-pumped nonlinear crystals are described and compared. In addition to these coherent processes, the use of quantum-counter action in certain crystals to convert an IR photon into a visible photon by an incoherent process is discussed. The important performance parameters of an IR imaging system are briefly discussed and the considerations and constraints involved in the design of coherent and incoherent image upconverter systems are presented. Using this background, practical system designs are developed for both active and passive imaging. The expected performances of these systems are compared with those of IR imaging systems based on direct-detection of IR photons with semiconductor detectors.

Citation Download Citation

Kamala S. Krishnan, John S. Ostrem, and Eddie A. Stappaerts "Infrared Imaging Using Nonlinear Optical Upconversion", Proc. SPIE 0122, Advances in Laser Engineering I, (20 October 1977); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.955787

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KEYWORDS

Upconversion

Infrared imaging

Imaging systems

Nonlinear crystals

Infrared radiation

Crystals

Metals

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