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Large-bipolaron superconductivity is plausible with carrier densities well below those of conventional metals. Bipolarons form when carriers self-trap in pairs. Coherently moving large-bipolarons require extremely large ratios of static to optical dielectric-constants. The mutual Coulomb repulsion of a planar large-bipolaron’s paired carriers drives it to a four-lobed shape. A phonon-mediated attraction among large-bipolarons propels their condensation into a liquid. This liquid’s excitations move slowly with a huge effective mass. Excitations’ concomitant weak scattering by phonons produces a moderate low-temperature dc resistivity that increases linearly with rising temperature. With falling temperature an energy gap opens between large-bipolarons’ excitations and those of their self-trapped electronic carriers.
David Emin
"Large bipolarons and oxide superconductivity", Proc. SPIE 10105, Oxide-based Materials and Devices VIII, 1010505 (28 February 2017); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2261717
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David Emin, "Large bipolarons and oxide superconductivity," Proc. SPIE 10105, Oxide-based Materials and Devices VIII, 1010505 (28 February 2017); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2261717