We take advantage of the strong temperature modulation of the graphene conductivity to propose an all-optical technique of excitation and manipulation of plasmons in graphene and thin metallic films. Through spatial patterning of the temperature of electrons in a graphene film, the graphene conductivity acquires a periodic profile, enabling plasmons to be excited directly by diffraction of a probe beam in the imprinted thermal grating. We show that, when graphene is placed in the vicinity of a thin metallic film, this technique can be used to excite and manipulate the plasmons supported in this hybrid structure. We further demonstrate the ability of graphene, thin metals films, and graphene-metal hybrid systems to undergo photothermal optical modulation with depth as large as > 70% over a wide spectral range extending from the visible to the terahertz spectral domains.
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