Monte-Carlo software was used to calculate the “patient’s skin-dose” averaged over 1 mm skin thickness as a function of incident beam-to-skin angle from 90 to 10 degrees for entrance-beam sizes from 5 to 15 cm, energies from 60 to 120 kVp, and thicknesses of Cu beam filters from 0.2 to 0.5 mm in a water phantom to obtain an angular-correction-factor (ACF). The Matlab tool, ‘cftool’, was used to fit these ACF’s to formulas as a function of incident beam angle and kVp, allowing the ACF to be quickly determined for accurate skin-dose calculation during fluoroscopically-guided procedures.
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