|
Background. The Shangri-la river valley is a high wine grape growing region for the past decade. Vineyards are found in the Jinsha and Lancang river valleys, with altitudes ranging from 1800 m to 2800 m in this highest wine grape growing region in world. However, the grape berry metabolome of this region are unknown. Methods. Gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry is a useful tool to identify and qualify metabolites in both the wine grape and wine. Metabolites in the wine grape and wine are responsible for flavour; the flavour differs with different terroir. Secondary metabolism facilitates habitat adaptation, and the wine quality is largely determined by fruit metabolites of wine grapes. Results. The Shangri-la wine-growing region is unique for the grape berry metabolome. Several CS grape berry metabolomics metabolism such as TCA cycle; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; glycerolipid metabolism; and amino sugar nucleotide were enhanced in Shandong seashore regions compared with Jinsha and Lancang river valleys. Similarly, lack of carbon fixation, photosynthesis, TCA cycle, and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism was observed in Shandong seashore as compared with Lancang river valley.The grape metabolomes of the Jinsha river valley were similiar to those of Shandong seashore and differed from those of Lancang river valley due to environment factors such as natural terrior soil types, climate and soil–climate interactions. Discussion. The grape metabolomes of the Jinsha river valley were similar to those of Shandong seashore, whereas they differed from those of the Lancang river valley due to environment factors such as the soil types, climate, and soil–climate interactions of the Shangri-la wine-growing region.The present study provides grape metabolomics data for high-altitude wine-growing regions such as Tibet, Sichuan, and South America.
|
