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A new polarization state generator (PSG) is presented based on two geometric-phase diffraction gratings, useful to generate partially polarized light in an efficient and controlled way. The PSG is used to experimentally analyze the generation of vector and vortex beams which lie, respectively, inside the generalized higher-order (HOPS) and the orbital angular momentum (OAMPS) Poincaré spheres. This way the mapping relations between polarization states, vector beams and vortex beams are analyzed and the classical concept of degree of polarization (DoP) is extended to these other Poincaré spheres. Experimental results that validate the theory are presented.
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Ignacio Moreno, David Marco, María del Mar Sánchez-López, Carlos Hernández-García, "Polarization state generator for the generation of complex light with controllable degree of polarization," Proc. SPIE 12436, Complex Light and Optical Forces XVII, 124360I (15 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2650015