The study used a photon scanning tunneling microscope (PSTM) to obtain topographic and near-field images of dielectric surface features. Silica nanoprobes with an apex less than λ/10 were utilized. Light was directed through a prism to the metal-dielectric interface in total internal reflection (TIR) mode, with an adjustable incident angle and controlled polarization. Resonantly absorbed optical images of surface features were observed in the near-field, as well as interference patterns of surface plasmon waves at the plasmon resonance angle. Above the plasmon resonance, the optical images of surface features became inverted, indicating an off-resonance condition of the surface plasmons on the metal surface. The study found that the relative percent reflectivity (%ΔR) in the surface plasmon resonance imaging does not directly reflect the height of dielectric surface features, which mimic bio-materials on a sensor’s surface. There is always a distinctive region in which the height is proportional to the relative percent reflectivity
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