Laser-made mechanical metamaterials: towards the development of 4D scaffolds for cell growth

George Flamourakis; Ioannis Spanos; Zacharias Vangelatos; Costas Grigoropoulos; Anthi Ranella; Maria Farsari

doi:10.1117/12.3004008

12 March 2024 Laser-made mechanical metamaterials: towards the development of 4D scaffolds for cell growth

George Flamourakis, Ioannis Spanos, Zacharias Vangelatos, Costas Grigoropoulos, Anthi Ranella, Maria Farsari

Proceedings Volume 12874, Nanoscale and Quantum Materials: From Synthesis and Laser Processing to Applications 2024; 1287406 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3004008
Event: SPIE LASE, 2024, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Harnessing the distinctive attributes of three-dimensional auxetic scaffolds in applications related to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine injects fresh momentum into these domains. In this study, we present our findings regarding the creation and characterization of three-dimensional auxetic scaffolds tailored for tissue engineering applications. These scaffolds leverage the well-established re-entrant hexagonal geometry (bowtie) and are manufactured through multiphoton lithography utilizing the organic-inorganic photopolymer SZ2080. Employing in-situ scanning electron microscopy, micro-indentations, and nano-indentation experiments, we meticulously analyze the photocurable resin SZ2080 and the resultant scaffolds. Despite SZ2080 being inherently rigid with a positive Poisson’s ratio, our investigation reveals that the scaffolds exhibit a negative Poisson’s ratio and remarkable elasticity attributed to their specific architecture. Subsequently, we employ mouse fibroblasts to seed the scaffolds, demonstrating their capacity to efficiently infiltrate and proliferate within, conforming to the scaffold's structure to meet the cells' needs. Furthermore, the scaffold's architecture imparts a directional preference to the cells, a crucial factor in various cell-based applications within regenerative medicine. Our research lays the groundwork for the practical utilization of 3D auxetic metamaterials as cutting-edge, adaptable scaffolds in the realm of tissue engineering.

Conference Presentation

(2024) Published by SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Citation Download Citation

George Flamourakis, Ioannis Spanos, Zacharias Vangelatos, Costas Grigoropoulos, Anthi Ranella, and Maria Farsari "Laser-made mechanical metamaterials: towards the development of 4D scaffolds for cell growth", Proc. SPIE 12874, Nanoscale and Quantum Materials: From Synthesis and Laser Processing to Applications 2024, 1287406 (12 March 2024); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3004008

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