In this paper, a full geometric information measuring model of 3D gear was developed based on laser scanning techniques. In order to generate a optimum sampling path, a measuring cost function was proposed by considered of the relationship among the sampling interval, sampling point clouds, and measurement precision of key features. On the other hand, 3D tooth surface measurement error was described by quantitative point cloud data. A commercial 3D gear measuring system was also introduced, which has a degrees of laser scanner and self-developed special analysis software. Finally, a series of experiments on typical cylindrical gears (base circle diameter from 100 mm to 500 mm) were performed to demonstrate this automated path planning technique, measurement cost, and the full geometric measurement accuracy.
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