Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is one of the mainstream real-time super imaging techniques due to its fast temporal resolution, fluorescent probe compatibility, and low phototoxicity. However, in real-time imaging, parameter estimation and image reconstruction take a long time, making it impossible to observe image details in real time. To improve the imaging speed of the SIM system without losing spatial resolution, we introduced the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method to estimate the illumination light parameters. By constructing a function with the same form as the cosine light and using the normalized cross-correlation (NCC) as the objective function, we initialize the parameter range and apply the PSO algorithm to perform parameter fitting within the specified range, comparing with the original image. Experimental results show that we can increase the reconstruction speed by approximately 2.5 times without affecting the reconstruction quality. The PSO algorithm achieves a good balance between temporal and spatial resolution in imaging.
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